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    題名: 我國金融消費者保護監理制度之反思──以美國金融消費者保護局為參考
    The Reflection of Regulatory System of Taiwan’s Consumer Financial Protection-Center on U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
    作者: 蕭旻綺
    Hsiao, Min-Chi
    貢獻者: 陳俊元
    Chen, Chun-Yuan
    蕭旻綺
    Hsiao, Min-Chi
    關鍵詞: 金融消費者保護局
    監管俘獲
    安全與穩健
    監管套利
    金融教育
    公開揭露
    金融消費者保護
    公平待客
    高齡金融
    數據驅動
    日期: 2022
    上傳時間: 2022-09-02 14:50:45 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 過往因金融消費爭議屢次發生,而有立法委員認為為保障金融消費者之權益,建議建立金融消費者保護局。而金融消費者保護局乃美國之特有制度,在2008年金融海嘯後,美國國會建立單一且獨立之金融消費者保護局,期望透過該局之組織設計與權力賦予、強化其獨立性,避免政治、產業上各壓力影響其專業決斷,能一致地執行聯邦金融消費者法,以確保所有消費者都能進入金融消費者產品和服務市場,並確保金融消費者產品和服務市場的公平、透明及競爭力。總體而言,就美國金融消費者保護局設立後,該局確實為金融消費者提供更好的金融市場與消費環境,然而這期間美國金融消費者保護局也確實面臨許多來自立法、司法與行政方面的挑戰。金融消費者保護的前景,未必全然樂觀。
    故本文期望藉由美國金融消費者保護局之建置,反思、比較我國目前金融消費者保護之監理制度,並藉此發現我國有關金融消費者保護相關政策之不足,僅由金融消費者督導會報進行決策,且決策過程如同黑箱作業,未進行相關資訊之公開揭露。而主要的二部法規過於侷限,加之由於目前之主管機關——金管會皆由政務官擔任,而不需具備相關專業知識,容易受到來自政黨與選民之壓力。不僅如此金管會組織法明確其設立目的在於維持金融穩定及促進金融市場發展,然而維持金融穩定並不等於金融消費者權益之保障,此係二絕不相同的監理目的,觀諸國際趨勢與歷史發展,通常金融機構之安全與穩健比金融消費者保護更加重要,但對消費者保護的意識和行動,則越來越有力,如美國金融消費者保護局之建置即為明證。
    基於上述等原因,本文認為我國確實欠缺一獨立之金融消費者保護局,並建議應採納幾個美國金融消費者保護局之核心精神,包含單一首長制、獨立之資金來源、專業知識與金融教育之強調以成為一個以數據驅動之獨立金融消費者保護機構。由於消費者保護是我們金融系統的一個重要基礎,建置一個金融消費者權益受到重視之金融市場會使公眾相信金融市場是公平的,並使政策制定者和監管者能夠保持監管的穩定性,而穩定的監管反過來又能促進長期的增長、效率和創新。
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    政府文書
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    網路資料
    Ellis, L. (2009, April 15). The Global Financial Crisis: Causes, Consequences and Countermeasures, https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2009/sp-so-150409.html
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    二、 中文文獻
    書籍
    林建智、張冠群(2017),《金融消費評議實務問題研究》,元照。
    林國全、王志誠、卓俊雄、汪信君、莊永丞、林建智(2019),《金融消費者保護法:理論與實務》,元照。
    邱錦添、湖勝益、林克(2014),《金融消費者保護法與案例解析》,2版,元照。
    期刊
    向明恩,王怡蘋(2016),〈兩岸消費訴外紛爭解決機制之開展──從臺灣法出發並借鏡歐盟之規範〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,252期,頁25-51。
    呂廣盛(2022),〈從防疫保單談保險業經營的風險管理〉,《保險經營論壇》,114期,頁2-16。
    李志峰(2016),〈公平合理原則於金融消費評議制度所扮演之角色—以澳洲金融評議制度為核心〉,《東吳法律學報》,28卷1期,頁55-86。
    李沃牆(2016),〈臺灣TRF風暴面面觀〉,《會計研究月刊》,373期,頁22-26。
    林勳發(1998),〈保險法修正條文評述〉,《政大法學評論》,59期,頁343-388。
    胡韶雯(2012),〈從多元化之金融商品談金融消費者之保護〉,《月旦法學教室》,122期,頁68-80。
    財團法人金融消費評議中心(2012),〈淺談金融消費者保護法之爭議處理機制—金融消費評議中心〉,《證券暨期貨月刊》30卷3期,頁47-54。
    康榮寶,王睦舜(2016),〈我們可從TRF學到什麼?〉,《展望與探索》,8-15卷9期,頁10。
    張冠群(2016),〈為未滿15歲未成年人投保死亡保險之立法辯證〉,《月但裁判時報》,53期,頁39-56。
    許杏宜,蔡宜樺(2016),〈裹著糖衣的毒藥:談TRF法律問題〉,《會計研究月刊》,364期,頁45-51。
    郭大維(2012),〈金融消費爭議解決機制之研究我國法與英國法之比較〉,《中正財經法學》,4期,頁47-86。
    陳忠五(2016),〈2015年消費者保護法修正評論〉,《台灣法學雜誌》,310期,頁3-30。
    陳俊元、朱勗華、廖晨旭、賴彥傑(2012),〈金融消費者保護法中公平合理之法律實證研究〉,《東吳法律學報》,32卷4期,頁81-146。
    陳肇鴻(2017),〈重思金融消費者保護之管制手段〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,266期,頁156-164。
    陳豐年(2012),〈金融海嘯後金融消費者保護新趨勢〉,《萬國法律》,186期,頁93-101。
    游啓璋(2017),〈目標可贖回遠期契約(TRF)〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,第264期,頁187-209。
    葉啟洲(2016),〈未成年人死亡保險的法律限制與修正—再談保險法第107條的修正爭議〉,《月旦裁判時報》,53期,頁57-64頁。
    劉其昌(2012),〈金融消費者保護法之分析〉,《臺灣銀行季刊》,63卷4期,頁1-16。
    劉韋廷(2018),〈從TRF風暴審思臺灣金融消費者保護〉,《月旦財經法雜誌》,42期,頁101-132。
    學位論文
    呂雅庭(2020),《論金融消費惡客之防制—以保險市場為中心》,頁11,國立政治大學風險管理與保險學系碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
    游秋萍(2013),《論消費者保護法之爭議與企業責任風險管理》,頁15,國立政治大學經營管理碩士學程風險管理組高階財金班碩士論文(未出版),臺北。
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    風險管理與保險學系
    109358019
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109358019
    資料類型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202201176
    顯示於類別:[風險管理與保險學系] 學位論文

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