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Title: | 全球最低稅負制之研究-我國稅制因應之探討 A Study of The Global Minimum Tax-the Implications of Taiwan Tax System |
Authors: | 謝孟純 Xie, Meng-Chun |
Contributors: | 陳明進 Chen, Ming-Chin 謝孟純 Xie, Meng-Chun |
Keywords: | 雙支柱 全球最低稅負制 所得基本稅額條例 受控外國公司 Two-pillar Global Minimum Tax Alternative Minimum Tax Controlled Foreign Company Rules |
Date: | 2022 |
Issue Date: | 2022-09-02 14:44:51 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 自2013年以來,國際打擊反避稅決心不減反增,在國際經濟合作發展組織努力下,發布稅基侵蝕與利潤移轉(BEPS)15項行動計畫,並於2018年始,著手進行與行動方案一「數位經濟時代之租稅挑戰」相關之配套方案—雙支柱。支柱一「數位稅一致性課稅方案」,著重於數位稅課稅,要求符合條件之跨國企業集團,將超額利潤重新分配至市場國,並藉由多邊租稅協定來消除重複課稅之問題。支柱二「全球反稅基侵蝕規則」,俗稱全球最低稅負制,是為確保全球營收達7.5億歐元之大型跨國企業集團,於各司法管轄區所產生之所得,得繳納最低水平15%之稅款,以避免個大型跨國企業透過租稅規劃規避稅負,侵蝕市場國稅基。 面對全球稅改的壓力,我國財政部採行提高國內最低稅負制稅率,以及受控外國公司CFC之實施予以應對。惟,僅以提高國內最低稅負制稅率至15%,不足以解決我國大型跨國企業有效稅率低於15%之情事。根據研究結果,我國受全球最低稅負制影響之160家大型跨國企業中,有效稅率低於15%者,多集中在電子高科技業及金融業,受租稅優惠較豐足之產業。因此若僅以提升國內最低稅負制之稅率來應對國際稅改,恐致我國稅權流失。 故我國稅制在因應國際稅改時,除了提升國內稅稅率外,也需重新檢討我國最低稅負制稅基,是否有未盡完善之疑。另外,我國並非經濟合作發展組織會員國,雙支柱內容下與租稅協定相關之議題,是否也適用於我國,也需重新檢視。 Since 2013, international determination to combat anti-avoidance has increased rather than decreased, and through the efforts of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 15 action plans on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) have been released. Starting in 2018, the OECD is working on a two-pillar program related to Action 1, " Tax Challenges Arising from Digitalisation ". Pillar 1, Profit Allocation and Nexus, focuses on digital taxation by requiring eligible multinational enterprises to reallocate excess profits to market jurisdictions and eliminate double taxation through Multilateral Convention (MLC). Pillar 2, Global anti-Base Erosion (GloBE), commonly known as the Global Minimum Tax System, is designed to ensure that multinational enterprises with annual revenue of EUR 750 million are required to pay a minimum tax of 15% on income generated in each jurisdiction to prevent multinational enterprise from avoiding tax liability and eroding the tax base of market jurisdictions through tax planning. In the face of global tax reform pressure, the Ministry of Finance has responded by increasing the domestic AMT (alternative minimum tax) tax rate and implementation of Controlled Foreign Company Rules (CFC). However, raising the domestic minimum tax rate to 15% is not sufficient to address the situation where the effective tax rate for multinational enterprises in Taiwan is below 15%. Among the more than 160 multinational enterprises affected by the global minimum tax system, those with effective tax rates below 15% are mostly in the electronic industry and the financial industry, which are subject to more tax incentive. Therefore, if we only raise the domestic minimum tax rate to respond to the international tax reform, we are afraid that Taiwan will lose our tax rights. Therefore, when responding to the international tax reform, our tax system should not only raise the domestic tax rate, but also review whether the AMT tax base in Taiwan is not complete enough. In addition, since Taiwan is not a member of OECD, it is necessary to review whether the issues related to taxation agreements under the two pillars are also applicable to Taiwan. |
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Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 會計學系 109353116 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109353116 |
Data Type: | thesis |
DOI: | 10.6814/NCCU202201287 |
Appears in Collections: | [會計學系] 學位論文
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