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    政大機構典藏 > 商學院 > 會計學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/141541
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141541


    Title: 共享與零工經濟平台所衍生之租稅問題探討
    Discussion on Taxation Issues derived from Sharing and Gig Economy Platforms
    Authors: 李思霈
    LEE, SI-PEI
    Contributors: 盧聯生
    Lu, Lien-Sheng
    李思霈
    LEE, SI-PEI
    Keywords: 共享與零工經濟
    嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎
    境外平台業者
    零工工作者
    資訊申報
    Sharing and Gig Economy
    COVID-19
    Overseas platform operators
    Gig workers
    Information declaration
    Date: 2022
    Issue Date: 2022-09-02 14:44:26 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 隨著科技進步、行動裝置大眾普及化與全球經濟模式的改變,以網絡平台為媒介的各種交易型態日益興起,與傳統實體交易不同,供需雙方可在平台上從事遠距交易。其中,共享與零工經濟平台的商業模式更是改變了現代人的日常生活,這種模式藉由平台技術,促使各方角色能輕鬆參與並促成交易,近年更是因為從2019年開始爆發之嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎COVID-19疫情,推動此類型商業模式迅速地發展。
    本文將以文獻回顧及舉例的方式,去瞭解共享經濟平台、共享及零工經濟的概念,並重點關注由相對較有疑問之境外平台業者、參與店家、提供服務之零工工作者及消費者四個角色所組成的交易,去觀察此種型態所涉及的課稅規定,提出該交易型態可能會衍生之零工工作者個人所得課稅疑慮。再接續討論現行透過境內外共享平台提供服務之零工工作者的所得資訊申報制度差異,是否有違反租稅公平之虞,同時,考量若是涉及境外平台業者之交易型態,稅務機關是否可能難以掌握該型態中所參與的零工工作者課稅資訊等問題。
    由於國外有對共享經濟及零工經濟浪潮之下帶來的租稅挑戰,進行討論及研議相關因應措施,故本文亦考慮我國是否要參酌國際組織OECD 對「共享及零工經濟平台提供個人服務及不動產租賃所得之議題」之建議範本,作為上述問題之修法基礎,提出可能之解決方案及建議。
    With rapid progress in science and technology, the popularization of mobile technology and the change of the global economic model, various types of transactions mediated by online platforms have emerged. Unlike traditional transactions, both supply and demand parties can engage in long-distance transactions on the platform. Among various types of transactions, the emerging business model of Sharing and Gig Economy platform has changed the daily life of modern people. It uses platform technology to facilitate the participation of various roles and transactions. Moreover, the outbreak of the COVID-19 in 2019 has promoted the rapid development of this type of business model.
    This paper will use the literature review and examples to understand the concepts of Sharing Economy platform, Sharing and Gig Economy, and focus on the type of transaction composed of overseas platform operators, participating stores, gig workers providing services and consumers, to observe its taxation regulations, and to raise concerns about personal income taxation of gig workers that may arise from this transaction type. Then continue to discuss the differences in the current information reporting system for gig workers who provide services through domestic and overseas sharing platforms, and the risk of violating tax fairness. Also, the paper intends to consider when it involves the transaction type of overseas platform operators, it may be difficult for the tax authorities to obtain the taxation information on the gig workers.
    While foreign countries are trying to solve the tax challenges brought by the wave of the Sharing and Gig Economy, therefore, this paper considers whether our country should refer to the regulations of international organization OECD, make it as the basis for amendments to the above-mentioned issues, or try to find out other possible solutions.
    Reference: 一、中文文獻
    王萱雅、陳以昕、蔡朝安(2018),「跨境電商在台報繳營業稅——Uber案關鍵議題回顧」,月旦會計財稅網,2018:11期,頁1-3。
    中國租稅協會(2020),中華民國租稅制度與法規,頁126-128。
    甘琳(2017),共享經濟平台於我國面臨之競爭法問題―以 Uber 為例,政治大學法律科際整合研究所未出版碩士論文,頁1-33。
    李健鴻(2018),「就業機會的新途徑,或是勞動保護的新挑戰?零工經濟下勞動者的就業風險分析」,臺灣勞工季刊,第53期,頁4-5。
    李彥霖、陳國樑(2019),「共享經濟課稅之租稅歸宿與最適租稅」,財稅研究,第48:3期,頁100-101。
    施馨喜(2020),共享經濟之影響:以Airbnb與台灣旅宿業為例,中正大學經濟學系國際經濟學研究所未出版碩士論文,頁4-7。
    陳姿妙(2014),Uber經營模式與法律爭議之探究,政治大學科技管理與智慧財
    產研究所未出版碩士論文,頁54-58。
    郭文芬(2019),交易雙方及平台業者之共享經濟模型研究,政治大學財政學系研究所未出版碩士論文,頁1-9。
    財團法人中技社(2019),「7月專題報告-平台經濟興起對產業發展與資源使用的影響」,頁1-6。
    張書瑋(2017),「共享經濟:傳統與創新的戰爭」,會計研究月刊,第378期,頁58。
    黃志婷(2017),數位經濟跨境法律問題研究-以Uber及Airbnb為中心,東吳大學法律研究所未出版碩士論文,頁36-41。
    惲大宏(2020),「OECD共享經濟稅務議題最新進展」,財政園地,第88期,頁1-4。
    黃士洲(2020),「跨國避稅的認定與漏稅處罰(Uber營業稅案)-最高行政法院107年度判字第199號判決簡析」,會計師季刊,第285期,頁49。
    楊芳苓(2021),零工經濟勞動者保障機制之探討-以食品外送平台工作者為例,立法院法制局專題研究報告,編號1568,頁8-9。
    廖哲莉、蔡岱倫(2020),「共享及零工經濟之稅務議題及OECD規範範本初探」,會計研究月刊,第420期,頁88-94。
    廖哲莉、韓承皓(2021),「當國際租稅浪潮碰上COVID-19,企業應了解的2021國際稅務趨勢」,勤業眾信通訊,1月號,頁13-15。

    二、英文文獻
    Alstyne, M. W. V., Parker, G. G., & Choudary, S. P. (2016), Pipelines, Platforms, and the New Rules of Strategy, Harvard Business Review, 94:4, p54-62.
    Einav, L., Farronato, C., & Levin, J. (2016), Peer-to-Peer Markets, Annual Review of Economics, No.8, p615-635.
    Garrett, W. (2019), Improving the Ferderal Tax System for Gig Economy Participants, Tax Foundation, No. 672, p1-15.
    Lars Böcker, Toon Meelen. (2017). Sharing for people, planet or profit? Analysing motivations for intended sharing economy participation, Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, p28-39.
    Marion, M. (2018), Thriving in the Gig Economy: How to Capitalize and Compete in the New World of Work, p25 -30.
    OECD(2020), Model Rules for Reporting by Platform Operators with respect to Sellers in the Sharing and Gig Economy, p3-39.
    Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers (2010). What`s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    會計學系
    109353114
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109353114
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202201354
    Appears in Collections:[會計學系] 學位論文

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