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| Title: | 媒體素養、科學認知、刻板印象對與憂鬱症患者互動意向的影響：以中國大陸青年為例
Effects of Chinese Young People’s Media Literacy, Scientific Knowledge, and Stereotypes on Behavioral Intentions to Interact with Depression Patients |
| Authors: | 吳馨竹
Wu, Xin-Zhu |
| Contributors: | 徐美苓
Hsu, Mei-Ling
吳馨竹
Wu, Xin-Zhu |
| Keywords: | 行為意向
刻板印象
媒體素養
網路問卷調查
憂鬱症
Behavioral intention
Stereotype
Media literacy
Web survey
Depression |
| Date: | 2022 |
| Issue Date: | 2022-08-01 19:03:51 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 近年來，憂鬱症罹患人口劇增成為全球性的問題。在中國大陸，青年學生群體罹患憂鬱症的比例已達到23.8%，遠超世界平均水平，但患者診療率卻十分低。先前研究指出，此情形可能與常民對憂鬱症認知不足及對精神疾病固有的刻板印象有關。故本研究欲探討，中國大陸青年群體對憂鬱症的了解程度如何？憂鬱症在青年學生心目中是何種形象？此種認知或刻板印象又是受到哪些因素影響？本研究從疾病的社會建構理論出發，將疾病在常民心中的形象視為媒介文本與大眾獨立批判意識的博弈，試探究「媒體素養」是否成為影響閱聽眾對疾病認知的因素，嘗試建構一個「知識-態度-行為」模型，進一步描述各種刻板印象如何轉化為人們對憂鬱症患者的行為意向，並結合「利他行為」之定義，探討個人價值觀念是否會影響人們與患者互動之行為。
本研究採用網路問卷調查法，於2022年4月間共收集820份來自中國大陸各大專院校之學生樣本。調查結果顯示，總體上，中國大陸青年學生群體對憂鬱症知識的了解程度與去負面刻板印象化程度相較十年前已有了明顯提升，但疾病治療知識有待普及，也仍存在某種程度之負面刻板印象及正面化或浪漫化的刻板印象。
再者，媒體素養較高之大學生具有較強的主動檢索與捕獲資訊的能力，因此對於憂鬱症科學知識的了解會較之媒體素養較低者更加豐富全面與準確，越符合憂鬱症的生物醫學真實。也因為媒體素養較高之大學生有較高的資訊鑑別能力，故可透過資訊檢索、瀏覽及反思，進一步地辨別疾病生物醫學知識與非科學知識的疾病刻板印象之間的區別，因而對憂鬱症的負面刻板印象較低。
除此，有親友患憂鬱症的大學生，出於人際因素，更能同理、關懷憂鬱症患者，不容易認同或被憂鬱症之負面刻板印象所誤導，故對憂鬱症的負面刻板印象較無患者親友者較低。
然而，大學生對憂鬱症的科學認知越高，對憂鬱症的負面刻板印象反而越高。此結果可能是因為當大學生受訪者將精神疾病歸因於生物、遺傳學因素時，會更容易認為患者可能產生不可控制的負面行為，因而傾向於認同憂鬱症患者具有不可控之暴力或依賴他人等行為，加深對憂鬱症患者的負面刻板印象。最後，利他價值觀念越強的大學生，會更願意實踐與憂鬱症患者正向互動之行為。對憂鬱症負面刻板印象較高的人，確實比較不容易實踐陪伴、幫助或者推動憂鬱症去刻板印象化的行為。
依據分析結果，本研究提出研究限制，並為未來疾病刻板印象之相關研究及精神疾病的媒體再現、心理衛生教育等實務工作提供了可行性建議。
In recent years, the drastic increase in the number of people suffering from depression has become a global problem. In mainland China, the proportion of young students suffering from depression has reached 23.8%, far exceeding the world average, but the patients’ diagnosis and treatment rates are still very low. Previous studies have pointed out that this situation may be related to the lack of awareness of depression among ordinary people and the inherent stereotype of mental illness. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how well the young people in mainland China understand depression? What is the image of depression in the minds of young students? And what factors influence the perceptions or stereotypes?
Starting from the social construction theory of disease, this research regarded the image of disease in the minds of ordinary people as a game between media texts and the public’s independent critical consciousness, and tried to explore whether media literacy becomes a factor affecting readers’ cognition of disease. The research attempted to construct a knowledge-attitude-behavior model to further describe how various stereotypes are transformed into people`s behavioral intentions toward depression patients and explored whether personal altruistic values affect behavioral intentions in interacting positively with patients.
The study recruited 820 students from colleges and universities in mainland China to participate in the online questionnaire survey in April 2022. Overall, the results show that compared to ten years ago, the understanding of depression knowledge and the degree of de-negative stereotypes among young students in mainland China have significantly improved. Nevertheless, there still existed some extent of lacking in treatment knowledge, both negative and romanticized stereotypes of depression.
Moreover, media literacy enabled Chinese college students to have a stronger ability to actively search and acquire information, thus having more comprehensive and accurate scientific knowledge of depression. Those with higher media literacy also had lower negative stereotypes of depression patients.
In addition, Chinese college students with friends or relatives who are depression patients had lower negative stereotypes of the patients than those who do not have any depressed friends or relatives. It could be the fact that more interpersonal contact could induce more empathy towards the patients, thus reducing the negative stereotypes.
Contrary to the prediction, Chines college students with better scientific knowledge of depression turned out to have stronger negative stereotypes, which would further affect students’ intention to interact positively with depression patients. It might result from the fact that items of scientific knowledge in the survey also include those entailing biological and genetic attributions of depression. Those students who were aware of those factors might perceive the patients to exert uncontrollable negative behaviors, which increased students’ negative stereotypes of the patients. Last but not the least, college students with higher altruistic values showed stronger behavioral intentions to interact positively with depression patients. Those with stronger negative stereotypes of depression patients were also less likely to interact positively with the them.
This study concludes with research limitations and feasible suggestions for future research and practice. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程
108464071 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108464071 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| DOI: | 10.6814/NCCU202201118 |
| Appears in Collections: | [傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程] 學位論文
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