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    题名: 探究台灣個人所得分配情況:家支資料與財資資料之差異
    Personal Income Distribution in Taiwan: The Differences Between 「Report on the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure」and「Fiscal Administrative Data」
    作者: 簡薇真
    Jian, Wei-Zhen
    贡献者: 羅光達
    韓幸紋

    簡薇真
    Jian, Wei-Zhen
    关键词: 個人所得分配
    吉尼係數
    財稅資料庫
    家庭收支調查
    Personal Income Distribution
    Gini Coefficient
    Survey of Family Income and Expenditure
    Fiscal Administrative Data
    日期: 2022
    上传时间: 2022-08-01 18:32:33 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本文使用主計總處公布的「家庭收支調查」以及財政部財政資料中心(Fiscal Information Agency, FIA)提供的「財稅資料」,觀察2017年到2019年台灣個人所得呈現之樣貌,探討台灣個人所得分配情況,並找出兩資料庫對個人所得統計之差異以及對特定類別所得或所得族群掌握之優缺點。
    經由多方面比較,本文發現家庭收支調查對中低所得者之所得掌握較準確;財稅資料因樣本涵蓋率大,因此較可以觀察到極高所得者之所得,然而來自政府之社會移轉收入因不計入稅法十類所得,使財稅資料不易觀察到中低所得者之所得資料。接著,台灣個人所得分配情況在兩資料庫呈現之狀況為:家支前0.1%及前1%高所得者擁有約2.5%及10%的整體所得;而財資前0.1%及前1%高所得者擁有約6.6%及17%的整體所得。財資整體吉尼係數高於家支,分別為0.76及0.68,這現象代表使用財稅資料庫所衡量之個人所得不均度高於家庭收支調查。而兩資料庫皆呈現年齡愈大所得分配愈不均之狀況。最後,本文也嘗試為財稅資料庫推估社會移轉收入,以彌補中低所得者因稅法計算方式而產生之所得闕漏。
    This article uses the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure and the Fiscal Administrative Data from the Financial Information Center (FIA) from 2017 to 2019 to observe the appearance of personal income in Taiwan, and explore Taiwan’s personal income distribution. We try to find out not only the differences between these two databases in the statistics of personal income but also the advantages and disadvantages in specific types of income or income groups between two databases.
    Through various comparisons, this article finds that the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure has a more accurate grasp of the income of the middle and low income groups, but cannot obtain the income data of the extremely high income groups due to the characteristics of the questionnaire survey. In contrast, the Fiscal Administrative Data has an excellent grasp of the income of the high-income group due to the large coverage of the sample, but cannot obtain the income data of low-income group. Next, the top 0.1% and the top1% income shares are 2.5% and 10% respectively in Taiwan when using the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure;the top 0.1% and the top1% income shares are 6.6% and 17% respectively in Taiwan when using the Fiscal Administrative Data. Besides, the Gini coefficient of Fiscal Administrative Data (0.76) is higher than the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure (0.68). Furthermore, elders’ income tends to be more polarize. At last, this article also estimates social transfer income for Fiscal Administrative Data in order to improve its shortcomings of poor grasp of low-income group.
    參考文獻: 邱瑾凡(2017),《以十大類所得相對逃漏可能推估我國綜所稅之逃稅程度》,碩士論文,國立政治大學財政研究所。
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    謝嘉玲(2021),《推估臺灣退休金與不動產相關所得:以財稅行政資料為例》,碩士論文,國立政治大學財政研究所。
    魏敏芳、陸怡蕙(2016),「老農津貼、家戶特性與農業家戶所得不均度之研究」,《 農業與經濟》,(56),41-81。
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    Assouad, L., Chancel, L. and Morgan, M.(2018), “Extreme Inequality: Evidence from Brazil, India, the Middle East, and South Africa,” AEA Papers and Proceedings, 2019, 119-23.
    d’Agostino, G., Pieroni, L., and Scarlato, M.(2020),“Social Transfers and Income Inequality in OECD Countries, ” Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 52, 313-327.
    Dong, Z., Tang, C., and Wei, X.(2018),“Does Population Aging Intensify Income Inequality? Evidence from China,” Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 23(1), 66-77.
    Gradin, C., Canto, O., and Del Rio, C.(2008),“Inequality, Poverty and Mobility: Choosing Income or Consumption as Welfare Indicators,” Investigaciones Económicas, 32(2), 169-200.
    Huang, C. C. and Ku, Y. W.(2011),“Effectiveness of Social Welfare Programmes in East Asia:A Case Study of Taiwan,” Social Policy & Administration, 45(7), 733-751.
    Morgan, M.(2017),“Extreme and Persistent Inequality:New Evidence for Brazil Combining National Accounts, Surveys and Fiscal Data, 2001-2015”.
    Mihaylova, S. and Bratoeva-Manoleva, S.(2017),“Social Transfers and Income Inequality in Bulgaria,” The South East European Journal of Economics and Business, 12(1).
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    財政學系
    109255031
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109255031
    数据类型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202201077
    显示于类别:[財政學系] 學位論文

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