English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 113318/144297 (79%)
Visitors : 50958911      Online Users : 904
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141210


    Title: 我國農業勞動力短缺的影響與因應之探討
    A Study on the Effects of Agricultural Labor Shortage and Relevant Solutions in Taiwan
    Authors: 何嘉昇
    Ho, Chia-Sheng
    Contributors: 成之約
    何嘉昇
    Ho, Chia-Sheng
    Keywords: 農業勞動力短缺
    引進外國農業勞動力
    Agricultural labor shortages
    Recruitment of foreign agricultural workforce
    Date: 2022
    Issue Date: 2022-08-01 18:19:09 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 農業相較於其他產業,具有其特殊性,最主要係農業生產受制於氣候,導致有季節性人力需求,再加上我國農業勞動人口老化,以及尋職者對於農務工作選擇偏好較低,使我國農業勞動力出現短缺。然而我國近年來透過整合本國農業勞動力去因應之,惟成效有限,難以再有增長;反觀我國就引進外國農業勞動力的部分,仍處於開辦初期,相關政策尚有待改善及修正的空間,故本研究將針對我國擴大引進外國農業勞動力的部分作探討。
    全球目前也面臨農業勞動力短缺的共同問題,各國在國內勞動力來源有限的情況下,皆將外國勞動力視為農業勞動力的重要來源。日本、韓國、美國及澳洲在引進農業外籍移工方面,皆有屬於自己一套的體制脈絡,且多年來不斷創新與修正,值得我國去參考效法。
    本研究透過運用次級資料分析法及深度訪談法,參酌他國相關因應經驗,及歸納分析農業領域相關人員的訪談資料,對於農業勞動力短缺之因應提出建議供參。
    我國目前如欲擴大引進外國農業勞動力,應放寬聘僱農業外籍移工申請門檻,以符合我國主要的農業經營型態,再者,為加強外國農業勞動力的運用調度,得適度放寬農業外籍移工不得自由轉雇主的限制,及設置農業短期工作簽證,加強簽證效期的彈性。
    Agriculture is an industry with a particular nature.Notably because agricultural production is subject to the climate,it results in the seasonality of labor demand,and the agricultural labor shortages in Taiwan on account of the aging of agricultural labor force and the lower preference for farm work from unemployedpeople.However,the integration of national agricultural workforce in recent years only meets limited improvement.On the other hand,the recruiting of foreign agricultural workforce stands in an initial assessment, the adoption of relevant policy yet to be amended.
    The global agriculture is facing significant labor shortage and the foreign manpower becomes the main source of agricultural labor force under the limited national workforce supply.The system of the introduction of foreign workers among countries Japan,Korea, U.S.A. and Australia,offers our nation efficient references.
    This study aims to present and review means to expand the recruitment of foreign agricultural workforce in Taiwan by the using of secondary data analysis and in-depth interview,and by relevant studies from other countries.
    For the purpose of enlarging the availability of the foreign agricultural labor force supply,we may lower the application threshold of the recruitment,which may comply with Taiwan’s main agriculture business model. Also,ease the restrictions to foreign workers on permission of employment transferring,to better strengthen the capacity of manpower utilization.And set up visa program for temporary agricultural workers,to increase visa validity in a more flexible manner.
    Reference: 中文部分
    王品(2012)。韓國長照與外勞。新社會政策雙月刊,No. 25,8-
    14。
    王勝平、黃淑蕙(2019)。擴增多元人力運用緩解農業缺工問題,
    2021年9月25日,取自:https://www.coa.gov.tw/ws.php?id=213。
    王維邦(2009)。次級資料的分析與應用,2022年3月2日,取自:
    https://soc.thu.edu.tw/courses/u97-2.files/1811.pdf。
    內政部移民署全球資訊網,2022年5月11日,取自:
    https://www.immigration.gov.tw/5385/7344/7350/8943/?alias=settledown。
    史瓊月(2016)。點亮臺灣新農業─青農winner,開創農業新未來,
    2022年3月31日,取自:https://www.coa.gov.tw/ws.php?id=2505683。
    行政院主計總處(2017)。104年農林漁牧業普查報告第3卷農牧業
    報告(上冊),2022年4月27日,取自:https://www.stat.gov.tw/public/data/dgbas04/bc1/2015census/104_v3_agr_report.pdf。
    行政院主計總處(2020)。109年人力資源調查統計年報,2021年9
    月26日,取自:https://www.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=47012&ctNode=518。
    行政院農業委員會(2016)。新農民培育計畫,2022年3月31日,
    取自:https://www.coa.gov.tw/redirect_files.php?id=37318&file_name=c59RbZVlDF9N24wNoefWGPlusUnqUWGSlashZCKND3eWGPlusxEhRF6VWGPlusmV93Asyojwjxbfbfp8MIRsy。
    行政院農業委員會(2019)。行政院農業委員會審查乳牛飼育工作申
    請引進外籍移工資格認定作業要點,2021年12月26日,取自:https://www.coa.gov.tw/ws.php?id=2509559。
    行政院農業委員會(2019)。行政院農業委員會審核外展農務服務計
    畫書作業要點,2021年12月26日,取自:https://law.coa.gov.tw/GLRSnewsout/LawContent.aspx?id=GL001031。
    行政院農業委員會(2019)。印尼青農在臺實習計畫,2021年12月
    26日,取自:https://www.kdais.gov.tw/upload/kdais/files/activity/7580/20190214-1.pdf。
    行政院農業委員會(2020)。109年學生農業打工計畫要點,2021年
    12月26日,取自:https://osa.nccu.edu.tw/files/19471017585ed70a92d27cf.pdf。
    行政院農業委員會(2020)。行政院農業委員會農業公費及獎助學金
    實施要點,2021年12月26日,取自:https://law.coa.gov.tw/glrsnewsout/LawContent.aspx?id=GL000868。
    行政院農業委員會(2020)。行政院農業委員會審查蘭花及食用蕈菇
    及蔬菜三項農糧產業工作申請聘僱外籍移工資格認定作業要點,2021年12月26日,取自:https://www.coa.gov.tw/theme_data.php?theme=online_service&id=703。
    邱駿彥(2012)。外國人聘僱及管理法制研究計畫。行政院勞工委員
    會職業訓練局委託研究報告(計畫編號:PG9807-0027),行政院勞工委員會職業訓練局編印。
    林子傑、洪宏毅(2019)。108年小型農機補助擴大起跑,協助小農
    改善農村勞動力,2022年3月31日,取自:https://www.coa.gov.tw/ws.php?id=2509456。
    胡幼慧(1998)。質性研究—理論、方法及本土女性研究實例。台
    北:巨流圖書公司。
    徐雅媛、許聖章(2020)。農業技術團就業職涯追蹤研究。勞動部勞
    動及職業安全衛生研究所委託研究報告(計畫編號:ILOSH109-M316),勞動部勞動及職業安全衛生研究所。
    許聖章(2020)。美國現行農業特用作物(SpecialtyCrops)自動化與機
    械化政策發展策略,2022年4月26日,取自:https://www.coa.gov.tw/ws.php?id=2511841。
    黃春長、張玉山(2019)。2030年就業趨勢與展望研究(一)。勞動部
    勞動及職業安全衛生研究所委託研究報告(計畫編號:ILOSH107-M305),勞動部勞動及職業安全衛生研究所。
    勞動部勞動統計查詢網,2022年5月11日,取自:
    https://statdb.mol.gov.tw/statis/jspProxy.aspx?sys=210&funid=mq00。
    曾怡陵(2020)。【農機的新時代任務1】政策篇:加速農業機械化.
    召募農業人力團,豐年雜誌,2022年5月20日,取自:https://www.agriharvest.tw/archives/41886。
    曾康綺、張惠真(2020)。日本確保農業勞動力對策之介紹。農業推
    廣文彙,65輯,115-132。
    森戸英幸、徐婉寧(2019)。日本技能實習制度之法律定位及問題點
    從勞動法、社會保障法的觀點。法律扶助與社會,第2期,61-69。
    劉向正(2017)。最潮農夫專業技術團成軍,改善農業季節性缺工,
    2021年9月24日,取自:https://www.coa.gov.tw/ws.php?id=213。
    顏愛靜(2013)。土地資源概論(初版)。台北市:五南圖書。
    羅明哲(1999)。台灣農業政策效果評估與改善策略—農業經營政策
    方向。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告(計畫編號:NSC88-2415-H005-006-J15),行政院國家科學委員會。
    鐘聖雄(2019年12月27日)。〈缺工困境下的公開祕密…失聯移工
    農業隱形大軍〉,《聯合報》,取自:https://sdgs.udn.com/sdgs/story/120879/4251847。
    日文部分
    日本經濟新聞(2016),農業の不法就労3年で3倍に15年、業種別
    で最多<https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXLASDG15H0U_V10C16A6000000/>(2022/5/19アクセス)
    石田一喜(2017),国家戦略特別区域における農業支援外国人受入事
    業の概要,農林金融2017年11月号,626-645頁。
    法務省出入国在留管理庁(2019),失踪技能実習生を減少させるため
    の施策https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/content/930004592.pdf(2022/5/18アクセス)
    農業労働力支援協議会(2017),労働力支援支援協議会の検討状況と
    今後への提言<https://hojin.or.jp/files/information>(2021/10/9アクセス)
    農林水產省(2021),農業分野における新たな外国人材の受入れにつ
    いて」<https://www.maff.go.jp/j/keiei/foreigner/attach/pdf/new-152.pdf> (2021/10/11アクセス)
    農林水產省(2021),令和2年度食料・農業・農村白書
    <https://www.maff.go.jp/j/wpaper/w_maff/r2/index.html> (2021/10/24アクセス)
    韓文部分
    최서리•이규용•임선일•정기선•신예진(2013),
    「농업분야외국인력활용실태및정책제언: 경기도를중심으로」,이민정책연구원
    엄진영•우병준•김윤진(2017),
    「농업부문외국인근로자고용실태와정책과제」,한국농촌경제연구원
    英文部分
    Amnesty International. (2014). South Korea: End rampant abuse of
    migrant farm workers. Retrieved May 19,2022, from https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2014/10/south-korea-end-rampant-abuse-migrant-farm-workers/.
    Australian Government Department of Home Affairs. (2020). Working
    Holiday Maker visa program report. Retrieved October 24,2021, from https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/research-and-statistics/statistics/visa-statistics/visit.
    Australian Government Department of Home Affairs. (2022). Factsheet:
    Australian Agriculture Visa Program (12 April 2022). Retrieved April 26,2022, from https://www.dfat.gov.au/sites/default/files/australian-agriculture-visa-fact-sheet.pdf.
    Boswell, C., Stiller, S. &Straubhaar. T. (2004). Forecasting Labour and
    Skills Shortages:How Can Projections Better Inform Labour Migration Policies? Paper prepared for the European Commission, DG Employment and Social Affairs. Brussels: European Commission. Hamburg: HWWA.
    Babbie, E. (2001). The practice of social research. 9th (Eds.), CA:
    Wadsworth.
    C. Prabakara,K.SitaDevia and S. Selvamb(2011).Labour Scarcity – Its
    Immensity and Impact on Agriculture.Agricultural Economics Research Review,Vol. 24 (Conference Number) 2011, 373-380.
    Congressional Research Service. (2020). H-2A and H-2B Temporary
    Worker Visas: Policy and Related Issues. Retrieved October 14,2021, fromhttps://sgp.fas.org/crs/homesec/R44849.pdf.
    Veneri, C.M. (1999). Can Occupational Labor Shortages Be Identified
    Using Available Data?Monthly Labor Review, 122(3), 15-22. Retrieved December 21, 2011, fromhttp://heinonline.org.
    David J. Bier. (2020). H-2A Visas for Agriculture: The Complex
    Process for Farmers to Hire Agricultural Guest Workers. IMMIGRATION RESEARCH AND POLICY BRIEF NO. 17. Cato Institute.
    Ella Archibald-Binge.(2021).Inside horticulture`s `dark underbelly`: The
    unseen workers propping up the farm industry.ABC News.Retrieved May22,2022, fromhttps://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-14/australias-farm-industry-seasonal-workers-exploited-labour-short/100687182.
    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2020).
    World Food and Agriculture - Statistical Yearbook 2020. Rome. Retrieved October 18,2021, fromhttps://www.fao.org/3/cb1329en/cb1329en.pdf.
    Howe, J & Singh, A.(2020). Covid-19 and undocumented workers in the
    Australian horticultureindustry. University of Adelaide Law ResearchPaper No. 2020-137. United Workers Union.
    International Organization for Migration. (2020).COVID-19: POLICIES
    AND IMPACT ON SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKERS. Retrieved May 17,2022, fromhttps://www.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl486/files/documents/seasonal_agricultural_workers_27052020_0.pdf.
    Jeong-bin Im,Kyuho Kim. (2020).Korea’s Policy on Employing Foreign
    Workers in Agricultural Sector. Retrieved October 24,2021, fromhttps://ap.fftc.org.tw/article/2574.
    Joanna Howe,StephenClibborn,AlexanderReilly,Diane van den Broek&
    Chris F Wright. (2019). Towards a Durable Future: Tackling Labour Challenges in the Australian Horticulture Industry.The University of Adelaide,Adelaide.
    Luc Christiaensen, Zachariah Rutledge, and J. Edward Taylor. (2020).
    The Future of Work in AgricultureSome Reflections. Policy Research Working Paper 9193. Social Protection and Jobs Global Practice.
    OECD. (2018). Addressing the illegal employment of foreign workers.
    International Migration Outlook 2018. OECD Publishing. Paris.
    National Farmers Federation. (2019). Farmers call out government
    workforce survey results.Retrieved October 17,2021, fromhttps://nff.org.au/media-release/farmers-call-out-government-workforce-survey-results/.
    Philip L. Martin. (2016). Migrant workers in commercial agriculture.
    International Labour Organization – Geneva.
    Park Si-Hyun. (2018). Youth and Agri-entrepreneurship in
    Korea.Retrieved April26,2022, fromhttps://ap.fftc.org.tw/article/1341.
    Shiji Zhao, Bill Binks, Heleen Kruger, Charley Xia and NyreeStenekes.
    (2018). What difference does labour choice make to farm productivity and profitability in the Australian horticulture industry? A comparison between seasonal workers and working holiday makers. Research Report 18.1. Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences.
    United Nations Information Centre. (2010). UN migrants rights expert
    urges Japan to increase protection of migrants. Retrieved May 18,2022, from https://www.unic.or.jp/news_press/features_backgrounders/2805/?lang=en.
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. (2022). Legal status and
    migration practices of hired farmworkers (crop agriculture only). Retrieved May 19,2022, from https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/farm-economy/farm-labor/#legalstatus.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    勞工研究所
    105262025
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105262025
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202201046
    Appears in Collections:[勞工研究所] 學位論文

    Files in This Item:

    File SizeFormat
    index.html0KbHTML2220View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback