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Title:	南海爭端中的美國因素研究：2009-2021
Authors:	孫嘉傑 Sun, Chia-Chieh
Contributors:	劉復國 Liu, Fu-Kuo 孫嘉傑 Sun, Chia-Chieh
Keywords:	南海美中關係亞太再平衡印太戰略航行自由行動 South China Sea US-China relations Asia-Pacific Rebalancing Indo-Pacific Strategy Freedom of Navigation
Date:	2022
Abstract:	南海是全球衝突熱點，也是亞太區域最難以解決的爭端之一，主要是涉及領土主權爭端、能源競爭、海域權利主張重疊、交通航線及地理戰略位置重要性等多項因素，美國雖然不是南海領土主權聲索國家，但卻扮演最主要且關鍵角色。歐巴馬以「亞太再平衡」戰略作為維繫全球領導地位的工具與方法，確認21世紀美國的霸權繫於南海之政策方向，為美國外交戰略之一大轉變，川普執政後，片面退出跨太平洋夥伴協定，改與各國重新簽訂雙邊貿易協定，以「印太戰略」取代歐巴馬「亞太再平衡」戰略，美國的戰略傾斜加劇了南海聲索國間的劍拔弩張，中國崛起的力量也對美國霸權地位形成挑戰。美國除拉攏南海周邊相關聲索國家共同牽制中國，域外國家的參與也促使中國加深危機感，使其加速在南海的開發及控制，以及軍事現代化，讓南海的地緣政治難題更加難以解決。當前南海局勢緊張局勢雖因各國忙於對付新冠疫情與專注提振國內經濟而稍有緩和，然而各種挑戰和不確定性仍然存在，中美間可針對彼此的利益契合點加強推進合作，以減少未來兩國在南海可能之爭端。 The South China Sea is a hotspot of global conflict and one of the most difficult disputes to resolve in the Asia-Pacific region, mainly involving territorial sovereignty disputes, energy competition, overlapping maritime claims, sea lines of communication, and the importance of geostrategy. Although the United States is not one of the claimant countries over the South China Sea, it plays a significant and key role in the region. The Obama administration maintained its global leadership with the “Asia-Pacific Rebalancing” strategy to ensure that the hegemony of the United States in the 21st century is relevant to its policy of the South China Sea, which is one of the major changes in the United States’ diplomatic strategy. After President Trump took power, he unilaterally withdrew the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement and decided to only negotiate trade deals with individual allies, and replaced the “Asia-Pacific Rebalancing” strategy with the “Indo-Pacific Strategy”. The strategic tilt of the United States has intensified the tension in the South China Sea. The rising China also challenges the position of the United States. In addition to American effort of forging an alliance around the South China Sea to contain China, the external involvement has also prompted China to deepen its sense of crisis, and accelerate its development and control in the South China Sea as well as its military modernization. As a result, it has made the geopolitical challenge in the South China Sea more difficult to solve. Although the tension in the South China Sea has eased slightly as countries are busy dealing with the COVID-19 and focusing on boosting domestic economies, many challenges and uncertainties still lie ahead. The United States and China might consider strengthen cooperation as a way to prevent from conflicts in the interests of both countries.
Description:	碩士國立政治大學外交學系戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班 102922021
Source URI:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102922021
Data Type:	thesis
Appears in Collections:	[Masters Program in Strategic and International Affairs] Theses

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