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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/137897


    Title: 中国共産党、「労働者」と訣別する前衛―習近平時代の党員リクルートと党員集団―
    中國共產黨、和「工人」訣別的先鋒隊－習近平時代的黨員招募與黨員集團－
    The Vanguard with Forsaking ＂Laborers＂: The Recruitment Policy of the Chinese Communist Party in the Xi Jinping Era
    Authors: 鈴木隆(Takashi Suzuk)
    Contributors: 問題と研究
    Keywords: 中国共産党 ; 党員集団 ; 党員数 ; 職業構成 
     中國共産黨 ; 黨員集團 ; 黨員數 ; 職業構成
    The Communist Party of China ; party building ; party members ; the occupational composition of the Party
    Date: 2021-09
    Issue Date: 2021-11-18 15:12:09 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本稿の目的は、政党組織論の視点から、習近平時代における中国共産党の党員リクルートの動向と、これによる党員集団の職業構成の変化を検討することにある。2012年に習近平が党総書記に就任して以来、胡錦濤時代に比べて、入党抑制の姿勢が顕著である。この結果、在籍党員も、総人口に対する党員比率は高まったが、党員数の増加スピードには、急ブレーキがかけられた。今日では、在籍党員の中で、「党政機関工作人員」と「企事業単位．社会組織の管理人員と専業技術人員」の就労者の合計が、「労働者」と「農牧漁民」のグループを上回っている。最多の職業集団も、結党百周年の2021年には、「企事業単位．社会組織の管理人員と専業技術人員」が、「農牧漁民」に取って代わる可能性が高い。それゆえ、階級政党の本義からみて、現存する中国共産党（The Communist Party of China）を、〈中国における共産党〉（Communist Party in China）と同定するのは、もはや困難である。党の組織構築の面で、習近平は、〈中国における共産党〉を名存実亡の状態へと積極的に追いやることによって、21世紀における「中華民族の偉大な復興」を追求している。
    本論文旨在從政黨組織論的觀點，觀察習近平時代中國共產黨黨員招募的動向，以及探討招募過程中，黨員集團職業組成的變化。2012年，習近平就任共產黨總書記以來，相較於胡錦濤時代，管控入黨的趨勢明顯保守。儘管目前在籍黨員人數佔中國總體人口比例仍高，但是就黨員增加速度而言是急踩剎車。當今在籍黨員中，「黨政機關工作人員」與「企事業單位．社會組織管理人員與專業技術人員」的工作者總計，已超越「工人」和「農牧漁民」集團。而在建黨百年的2021年之際，最多人數的職業集團，非常有可能會由「企事業單位．社會組織管理人員與專業技術人員」取代「農牧漁民」。因此，從階級政黨的本質來看，當前的中國共產黨（The Communist Party of China），恐難以和「在中國的共產黨」（Communist Party in China）劃上等號。在黨的組織結構層面，隨著習近平積極追求的是21世紀中「中華民族的偉大復興」，「在中國的共產黨」可能走上名存實亡的狀態。
    From the perspective of party organization theory, the object of this paper is to examine the trend of the Communist Party of China (CPC)`s recruitment of its members and the resulting changes in the occupational composition of the Party during the Xi Jinping era. Since Xi Jinping has become the General Secretary in 2012, there has been a more pronounced restraint in joining the Party than in the Hu Jintao era. As a result, the number of enrolled party members has increased in terms of the ratio of party members to the total population. However, the speed of growth in the number of party members has slowed down. Today, among the registered members of CPC, the total number of people who work in ＂the Party organs and governmental offices 黨政工作機關工作人員＂ and those in ＂the managerial positions or technical jobs of companies, non-profit groups and social organizations 企事業單位、社會組織的管理人員和專業技術人員＂, exceeds that of ＂laborers 工人＂ and ＂peasants, stock-farmers and fishermen 農牧漁民＂. In 2021, the 100th commemorative anniversary of the founding of CPC, the largest occupational group of the Party is also likely to be replaced by the above white-collar strata for the primary industrial workers. Considering the raison d`être of the class party, therefore, it is difficult to identify the existing CPC as a ＂Communist Party in China＂. Moreover, in terms of the Party organizational structure, Xi Jinping has been pursuing ＂the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation 中華民族偉大復興＂ in the 21st century through actively pushing a ＂Communist Party in China＂ into a state of nominal existence.
    Relation: 問題と研究, 50(3), 1-41
    Data Type: article
    DOI link: https://doi.org/10.30391/ISJ.202109_50(3).0001
    DOI: 10.30391/ISJ.202109_50(3).0001
    Appears in Collections:[Mondai to Kenkyu] Journal Articles

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