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Title:	永續的公共退休年金制度之研究 A study on the Sustainable Public Retirement Pension Scheme
Authors:	游新幸 Yu, Hsin-Hsing
Contributors:	張其恆 Chang, Chyi-Herng 游新幸 Yu, Hsin-Hsing
Keywords:	公共退休年金社會保險永續的破產私有化
Date:	2021
Issue Date:	2021-09-02 17:52:12 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	面對永續性質疑，世界銀行於1994年發表報告認為，因老齡化加劇影響公共退休年金制度致無法永續，為避免將過多責任移轉給政府，提出建構多支柱系統理論作為解方，建議各國將公共退休年金制度私有化，推行強制性儲蓄理財，乃是對於問題錯誤認識，而選擇錯誤的改革方案。公共退休年金制度所採行社會保險方法，其制度本身具有調整機制，足以促進永續性。而儲蓄理財未具備風險分攤及社會保障功能，可作為補充而非替代，不能將公共年金制度私有化，或將個人儲蓄理財予以國家化，混淆強制性社會保險與自願性個人儲蓄理財關係。故本文研究結論認為，世界銀行多柱理論混淆國家責任，破產尚非社會保險的概念，自身調整機制足以促進其永續性，個人儲蓄理財宜為社會保險之補充而非替代，更不能以國家化個人儲蓄理財之空間。解決公共退休年金制度永續的問題，借鏡國際經驗，採取私有化或國家化之手段，均無法達到永續，而採取社會保險方式，可達到永續目的。世界各國現行多採社會保險保障老年經濟生活安全，然而隨著數位平台經濟興起、工作型態發生變化，以及產業科技經濟全球化趨勢等環境發生變遷，面臨新形式就業模式因職涯與工時連續性不足，及勞動力跨國移動產生職場與社會保險領域的錯位問題，覆蓋範圍未及於非正規部門及非就業人口之困境。另因社會保障逐漸發展形成各職業別之社會階級區分，傳統制度該如何調整以因應社會需求。為解決公共退休年金制度之永續性問題，本文提出建議：一、全面覆蓋的追求：擴及非正規部門工人，因應新形式就業模式，以及移工社會保障權之可接續性。二、公私部門退休年金的整合：參酌美國與奧地利年金改革經驗顯示公共部門退休年金制度向社會保險整合，以及經合組織（OECD）提出德國與英國整合公私部門年金制度促進永續性之建議。我國社會保險基於團結基礎無區分職業必要而宜予整合；至於職業退休金則係於國際勞動基準外，以個人自願儲蓄理財方式作為補充社會保險機制，尚不宜由國家介入管理。
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Description:	碩士國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程 106921056
Source URI:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106921056
Data Type:	thesis
DOI:	10.6814/NCCU202101459
Appears in Collections:	[Master for Eminent Public Administrators] Theses

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