政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/136478

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/136478

English | 正體中文 | 简体中文 | Post-Print筆數 : 27 | 全文筆數/總筆數 : 113303/144284 (79%)
造訪人次 : 50802863 線上人數 : 778

RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.

搜尋範圍

查詢小技巧：

您可在西文檢索詞彙前後加上"雙引號"，以獲取較精準的檢索結果

若欲以作者姓名搜尋，建議至進階搜尋限定作者欄位，可獲得較完整資料

進階搜尋

主頁 ‧ 登入 ‧ 上傳 ‧ 說明 ‧ 關於政大典藏 ‧ 管理

到手機版

政大機構典藏 > 理學院 > 心理學系 > 學位論文 > Item 140.119/136478

請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/136478

題名:	台灣乳癌患者疾病表徵樣態與疾病適應歷程之關聯 The Relationships of Illness Representation Profile and Adaptation in Taiwanese Breast Cancer Patients
作者:	陳俞霈 Chen, Yu-Pei
貢獻者:	吳治勳 Wu, Chih-Hsun 陳俞霈 Chen, Yu-Pei
關鍵詞:	疾病表徵疾病表徵常識模式疾病適應威脅控制乳癌 Illness representation Common-Sense Model illness adataption threat control breast cancer
日期:	2021
上傳時間:	2021-08-04 15:38:39 (UTC+8)
摘要:	緒論：乳癌是具高度生命威脅性的慢性病，乳癌患者對乳癌的「疾病表徵」建構，應是協助理解其疾病自我調節歷程的有效方式。然而過去研究常將疾病表徵拆解為各個獨立變項進行探討，可能忽略了疾病表徵的整體性。本研究希望回歸「疾病表徵常識模式」的原始概念，探討台灣乳癌患者在疾病治療初期的「疾病表徵樣態」，並探索不同「疾病表徵樣態」的患者在疾病適應歷程上的差異。研究方法：本研究以台灣北部某醫學中心之108位女性乳癌患者為研究對象，在患者術後一個月時進行收案。研究工具將使用「短版疾病知覺量表」測量患者的「疾病表徵」，以「癌症自我效能」、「因應策略」、「情緒壓力」、「癌症憂慮」及「生活品質」作為疾病適應歷程的指標。透過「判別分析」生成「分組判別函數」，並進行「疾病表徵樣態」的分組，而後再檢驗「疾病表徵樣態」在「癌症自我效能」、「因應策略」、「情緒壓力」、「癌症憂慮」及「生活品質」上是否具有差異。研究結果：本研究分出3組「疾病表徵樣態」，3組「疾病表徵樣態」在「影響」、「時間性」、「本質」、「在意度」、及「情緒反應」5個題項上，組1顯著大於組2又顯著大於組3，此概念命名為「威脅感」，意即個體感受到的健康威脅程度。而在「個人控制」、「治療控制」及「連貫性」3個題項上並無差異，此概念命名為「控制感」，意即個體感受到對疾病的控制程度。本研究將組1命名為「高威脅感－高控制感」組，組2命名為「中威脅感－高控制感」組，組3命名為「低威脅感－高控制感」組。在疾病適應歷程上，「高威脅感－高控制感」組之「社會支持因應」顯著高於其他兩組，「逃避因應」顯著高於而「癌症自我效能」則顯著低於「低威脅感－高控制感」組，3組在「個人因應」上無顯著差異。在疾病適應結果上，「高威脅感－高控制感」組之「情緒壓力」與「癌症憂慮」皆為顯著高於「中威脅感－高控制感」組，又顯著高於「低威脅感－高控制感」組。「低威脅感－高控制感」組的「心理生活品質」與「環境生活品質」顯著高於其他兩組，而「生理生活品質」與「社會生活品質」則顯著高於「高威脅感－高控制感」組。討論：乳癌患者在疾病治療初期，有不同的「疾病表徵樣態」及其相應之疾病適應歷程，樣態間的差異來自「威脅感」的程度高低，此研究結果呈現患者對於疾病整體性的主觀建構，及其與後續適應歷程之關聯。本研究中的「高威脅感－高控制感」組，可能是臨床上最需要關注的族群，此組的患者感受到較高的疾病威脅，且在疾病適應歷程上為3組之中適應最差的組別。未來透過本研究之「分組判別函數」，可即時得知患者所屬組別，並判斷患者可能的疾病適應歷程，進而能夠將患者分流，為分屬「高威脅感－高控制感」組的患者提供進一步的身心狀態評估與介入。研究限制為目前「疾病表徵樣態」的研究仍少，因此對於乳癌患者的「疾病表徵樣態」難有較穩定的推論，尚待未來更多的相關研究。此外，本研究在「控制感」無組間差異，除了可能與疾病特性相關，也可能是受樣本特性的影響，未來研究建議可以納入不同醫療場域、不同地區、不同治療階段的乳癌患者進行研究。 Background: Breast cancer is a chronic disease but is life-threatening. Therefore, the illness representation constructs introduced by the Common-Sense Model could be a valuable concept to clarify breast cancer patients’ self-regulation process throughout the illness. However, previous research often analyzed the illness representations variable-by-variable, yet illness representations should be comprehensive for the patients. Thus, the current study proposed to use an “illness representation profile” to represent more comprehensive illness representation constructs of the Taiwanese breast cancer patients and further explored the relationships of the illness representation profiles and illness adaptation. Methods: A total of 108 breast cancer patients were recruited from a medical center in northern Taiwan. They completed questionnaires on demographics, beliefs about breast cancer (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, BIPQ), and illness adaption (emotional distress, cancer-related worry, cancer self-efficacy, coping, and quality of life) at 1-month post-surgery. Cluster analysis was used to identify the number of “illness representation profile” groups, and discriminant analysis was used to sort respondents into groups by their illness perception scores. In addition, independent sample t-tests or one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to explore the differences in illness adaption among groups. Results: Results showed that 3 different illness representation profiles could be identified. Significant differences among profiles were found in consequence, timeline, identity, concern, and emotional response scales of the BIPQ. These scales could reflect “threat,” as how much the individual felt threatened about illness. No significant differences were found in personal control, treatment control, and coherence scales. These scales could represent “control,” as how much the individual felt she could control the illness. Thus, the 3 illness representation profiles were named as the “High threat-High control” profile, the “Medium threat-High control” profile, and the “Low threat-High control” profile. Patients with the “Low threat-High control” profile had a higher cancer-related self-efficacy, using less socially-supported coping and avoidant coping, better QoL, less distress, and less cancer-related worry. However, patients with the “High threat-High control” profile had less cancer-related self-efficacy, using more socially-supported coping and avoidant coping, poorer QoL, higher distress, and more cancer-related worry. Discussion: The current study supported that illness representation profiles could be identified and could reflect different statuses of illness adaptation among Taiwanese breast cancer patients. The results showed that “threat” is the primary difference among profiles. Patients with the “High threat-High control” profile were more threatened about the illness, and their adaptation was worse than the other 2 groups. Therefore, they should receive more clinical attention, and referring to clinical psychologists is recommended. The main clinical contribution of the current study is that the discriminant function could use to sort new patients into the 3 profiles mentioned above simply by key in their BIPQ scores. If the patients fit the “High threat-High control” profile, they may need further assessment and intervention. Differences in “control” were not found among profiles might due to illness characteristics, but it was also possibly due to a limitation of the study, the selection bias. Future research should recruit patients in various settings (e.g., hospitals and communities) to further explore the illness representation profiles and their influences on illness adaption.
參考文獻:	李昀芷（2019）癌症病人術前憂慮量表之編製與心理計量特性。未出版之碩士論文，國立政治大學心理學研究所，台北。姚開屏，（2002）。台灣版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷之發展與應用。台灣醫學，6(2)，193-200。衛生福利部國民健康署（2020），衛生福利部公布癌症發生資料。https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=4141&pid=12682 衛生福利部（2020），108年國人死因統計結果。https://www.mohw.gov.tw/cp-16-54482-1.html Aujla, N., Walker, M., Sprigg, N., Abrams, K., Massey, A., & Vedhara, K. (2016). Can illness beliefs, from the common-sense model, prospectively predict adherence to self-management behaviours? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychology & Health, 31(8), 931-958. Aujla, N., Walker, M., Sprigg, N., & Vedhara, K. (2020). Do individual versus illness belief schema differ in the prediction of post-stroke recovery? Journal of Health Psychology, 25(13-14), 2118-2128. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191. Berry, E., Davies, M., & Dempster, M. (2017). Illness perception clusters and relationship quality are associated with diabetes distress in adults with Type 2 diabetes. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 22(9), 1118-1126. Borkovec, T. D., Robinson, E., Pruzinsky, T., & DePree, J. A. (1983). Preliminary exploration of worry: Some characteristics and processes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21(1), 9-16. Brandes, K., & Mullan, B. (2014). Can the common-sense model predict adherence in chronically ill patients? A meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 8(2), 129-153. Broadbent, E., Petrie, K. J., Main, J., & Weinman, J. (2006). The brief illness perception questionnaire. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60(6), 631-637. Broadbent, E., Wilkes, C., Koschwanez, H., Weinman, J., Norton, S., & Petrie, K. J. (2015). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Psychology & Health, 30(11), 1361-1385. Cameron, L. D., Booth, R. J., Schlatter, M., Ziginskas, D., Harman, J. E., & Benson, S. R. (2005). Cognitive and affective determinants of decisions to attend a group psychosocial support program for women with breast cancer. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67(4), 584-589. Carver, C. S. (1997). You want to measure coping but your protocol’too long: Consider the brief cope. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4(1), 92. Charlier, C., Pauwels, E., Lechner, L., Spittaels, H., Bourgois, J., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., & Van Hoof, E. (2012). Physical activity levels and supportive care needs for physical activity among breast cancer survivors with different psychosocial profiles: a cluster‐analytical approach. European Journal of Cancer Care, 21(6), 790-799. Clatworthy, J., Hankins, M., Buick, D., Weinman, J., & Horne, R. (2007). Cluster analysis in illness perception research: A Monte Carlo study to identify the most appropriate method. Psychology and Health, 22(2), 123-142. Connolly, F. R., Aitken, L. M., Tower, M., & Macfarlane, B. (2014). Factors associated with self-efficacy for managing recovery in the trauma intensive care population: A prospective cohort study. Injury, 45(1), 272-278. Corter, A. L., Findlay, M., Broom, R., Porter, D., & Petrie, K. J. (2013). Beliefs about medicine and illness are associated with fear of cancer recurrence in women taking adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer. British Journal of Health Psychology, 18(1), 168-181. Costanzo, E. S., Lutgendorf, S. K., & Roeder, S. L. (2011). Common‐sense beliefs about cancer and health practices among women completing treatment for breast cancer. Psycho‐oncology, 20(1), 53-61. Dempster, M., Howell, D., & McCorry, N. K. (2015). Illness perceptions and coping in physical health conditions: A meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 79(6), 506-513. Diefenbach, M. A., & Leventhal, H. (1996). The common-sense model of illness representation: Theoretical and practical considerations. Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless, 5(1), 11-38. Fischer, M. J., Wiesenhaan, M. E., Heijer, A. D. d., Kleijn, W. C., Nortier, J. W., & Kaptein, A. A. (2013). From despair to hope: A longitudinal study of illness perceptions and coping in a psycho‐educational group intervention for women with breast cancer. British Journal of Health Psychology, 18(3), 526-545. Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(1), 150. Gauthier, S., Reisberg, B., Zaudig, M., Petersen, R. C., Ritchie, K., Broich, K., . . . Chertkow, H. (2006). Mild cognitive impairment. The Lancet, 367(9518), 1262-1270. Graham, C. D., Rose, M. R., Hankins, M., Chalder, T., & Weinman, J. (2013). Separating emotions from consequences in muscle disease: Comparing beneficial and unhelpful illness schemata to inform intervention development. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 74(4), 320-326. Hagger, M. S., Koch, S., Chatzisarantis, N. L. D., & Orbell, S. (2017). The common sense model of self-regulation: Meta-analysis and test of a process model. Psychol Bull, 143(11), 1117-1154. doi:10.1037/bul0000118 Hagger, M. S., & Orbell, S. (2003). A meta-analytic review of the common-sense model of illness representations. Psychology and Health, 18(2), 141-184. Hale, E. D., Treharne, G., & Kitas, G. (2007). The Common-Sense Model of self-regulation of health and illness: how can we use it to understand and respond to our patients’ needs? Rheumatology, 46(6), 904-906. Halm, E. A., Mora, P., & Leventhal, H. (2006). No symptoms, no asthma: the acute episodic disease belief is associated with poor self-management among inner-city adults with persistent asthma. Chest, 129(3), 573-580. Harrison, S., Robertson, N., Graham, C., Williams, J., Steiner, M., Morgan, M., & Singh, S. J. (2014). Can we identify patients with different illness schema following an acute exacerbation of COPD: a cluster analysis. Respiratory Medicine, 108(2), 319-328. Heitzmann, C. A., Merluzzi, T. V., Jean‐Pierre, P., Roscoe, J. A., Kirsh, K. L., & Passik, S. D. (2011). Assessing self‐efficacy for coping with cancer: Development and psychometric analysis of the brief version of the Cancer Behavior Inventory (CBI‐B). Psycho‐oncology, 20(3), 302-312. Hobro, N., Weinman, J., & Hankins, M. (2004). Using the self-regulatory model to cluster chronic pain patients: the first step towards identifying relevant treatments? Pain, 108(3), 276-283. Hsiao, C.-Y., Chang, C., & Chen, C.-D. (2012). An investigation on illness perception and adherence among hypertensive patients. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 28(8), 442-447. Iskandarsyah, A., de Klerk, C., Suardi, D. R., Sadarjoen, S. S., & Passchier, J. (2014). Consulting a traditional healer and negative illness perceptions are associated with non‐adherence to treatment in Indonesian women with breast cancer. Psycho‐oncology, 23(10), 1118-1124. Iskandarsyah, A., de Klerk, C., Suardi, D. R., Soemitro, M. P., Sadarjoen, S. S., & Passchier, J. (2013). Satisfaction with information and its association with illness perception and quality of life in Indonesian breast cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 21(11), 2999-3007. Kaptein, A. A., Klok, T., Moss-Morris, R., & Brand, P. L. (2010). Illness perceptions: impact on self-management and control in asthma. Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 10(3), 194-199. Kaptein, A. A., Schoones, J., Fischer, M., Thong, M., Kroep, J., & van der Hoeven, K. J. (2015). Illness perceptions in women with breast cancer—a systematic literature review. Current breast cancer reports, 7(3), 117-126. Kaptein, A. A., Yamaoka, K., Snoei, L., Van der Kloot, W. A., Inoue, K., Tabei, T., . . . Meirink, C. (2013). Illness perceptions and quality of life in Japanese and Dutch women with breast cancer. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 31(1), 83-102. Kemp, S., Morley, S., & Anderson, E. (1999). Coping with epilepsy: do illness representations play a role? British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(1), 43-58. Lau, R. R., & Hartman, K. A. (1983). Common sense representations of common illnesses. Health psychology, 2(2), 167. Lee, Y., Baek, J.-M., Jeon, Y.-W., & Im, E.-O. (2019). Illness perception and sense of well-being in breast cancer patients. Patient preference and adherence, 13, 1557. Leventhal, H., Brissette, I., & Leventhal, E. A. (2003). The common-sense model of self-regulation of health and illness. In The self-regulation of health and illness behaviour (Vol. 1, pp. 42-65). Leventhal, H., Diefenbach, M., & Leventhal, E. A. (1992). Illness cognition: using common sense to understand treatment adherence and affect cognition interactions. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16(2), 143-163. Leventhal, H., Meyer, D., & Nerenz. (1980). The common sense representation of illness danger. In S. J. Rachman (Ed.), Contributions to medical psychology: Vol.2 (pp. 7-30). Oxford: Pergamon. Leventhal, H., Phillips, L. A., & Burns, E. (2016). The Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM): A dynamic framework for understanding illness self-management. J Behav Med, 39(6), 935-946. doi:10.1007/s10865-016-9782-2 Leventhal, H., Safer, M. A., & Panagis, D. M. (1983). The impact of communications on the self-regulation of health beliefs, decisions, and behavior. Health Education Quarterly, 10(1), 3-29. Lin, F., & Heidrich, S. M. (2012). Role of older adult`s illness schemata in coping with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 72(5), 357-363. Lin, Y.-P., Chiu, K.-M., & Wang, T.-J. (2011). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the brief illness perception questionnaire for patients with coronary heart disease. Journal of Oriental Institute of Technology (31), 145-155. Litman, J. A. (2006). The COPE inventory: Dimensionality and relationships with approach-and avoidance-motives and positive and negative traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(2), 273-284. Lopes, A. C., Xavier, R. F., AC Pereira, A. C., Stelmach, R., Fernandes, F. L., Harrison, S. L., & Carvalho, C. R. (2019). Identifying copd patients at risk for worse symptoms, hrqol, and self-efficacy: A cluster analysis. Chronic Illness, 15(2), 138-148. Manne, S. L., Ostroff, J. S., Norton, T. R., Fox, K., Grana, G., & Goldstein, L. (2006). Cancer-specific self-efficacy and psychosocial and functional adaptation to early stage breast cancer. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 31(2), 145-154. McCorry, N. K., Dempster, M., Quinn, J., Hogg, A., Newell, J., Moore, M., . . . Kirk, S. J. (2013). Illness perception clusters at diagnosis predict psychological distress among women with breast cancer at 6 months post diagnosis. Psycho‐oncology, 22(3), 692-698. Meyer, D., Leventhal, H., & Gutmann, M. (1985). Common-sense models of illness: the example of hypertension. Health Psychology, 4(2), 115. Mitchell, A. J., Baker‐Glenn, E. A., Granger, L., & Symonds, P. (2010). Can the Distress Thermometer be improved by additional mood domains? Part I. Initial validation of the Emotion Thermometers tool. Psycho‐Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer, 19(2), 125-133. Mitchell, A. J., Baker‐Glenn, E. A., Park, B., Granger, L., & Symonds, P. (2010). Can the Distress Thermometer be improved by additional mood domains? Part II. What is the optimal combination of Emotion Thermometers? Psycho‐Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer, 19(2), 134-140. Montazeri, A. (2008). Health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients: a bibliographic review of the literature from 1974 to 2007. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 27(1), 1-31. Moss-Morris, R., Weinman, J., Petrie, K., Horne, R., Cameron, L., & Buick, D. (2002). The revised illness perception questionnaire (IPQ-R). Psychology and health, 17(1), 1-16. Moss‐Morris, R., Petrie, K. J., & Weinman, J. (1996). Functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome: do illness perceptions play a regulatory role? British Journal of Health Psychology, 1(1), 15-25. Norton, S., Hughes, L. D., Chilcot, J., Sacker, A., van Os, S., Young, A., & Done, J. (2014). Negative and positive illness representations of rheumatoid arthritis: a latent profile analysis. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 37(3), 524-532. Riba, M. B., Donovan, K. A., Andersen, B., Braun, I., Breitbart, W. S., Brewer, B. W., . . . Corbett, C. (2019). Distress management, version 3.2019, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 17(10), 1229-1249. Richardson, E. M., Schuz, N., Sanderson, K., Scott, J. L., & Schuz, B. (2017). Illness representations, coping, and illness outcomes in people with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psycho‐Oncology, 26(6), 724-737. doi:10.1002/pon.4213 Rivera, E., Corte, C., DeVon, H. A., Collins, E. G., & Steffen, A. (2020). A systematic review of illness representation clusters in chronic conditions. Research in Nursing & Health, 43(3), 241-254. Roth, A. J., Kornblith, A. B., Batel‐Copel, L., Peabody, E., Scher, H. I., & Holland, J. C. (1998). Rapid screening for psychologic distress in men with prostate carcinoma: a pilot study. Cancer: Interdisciplinary International Journal of the American Cancer Society, 82(10), 1904-1908. Rozema, H., Völlink, T., & Lechner, L. (2009). The role of illness representations in coping and health of patients treated for breast cancer. Psycho‐Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer, 18(8), 849-857. Sampaio, R., Pereira, M. G., & Winck, J. C. (2014). Obstructive sleep apnea representations, self-efficacy and family coping regarding APAP adherence: a longitudinal study. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 19(1), 59-69. Scheier, M. F., Weintraub, J. K., & Carver, C. S. (1986). Coping with stress: divergent strategies of optimists and pessimists. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1257. Skinner, E. A. (1996). A guide to constructs of control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(3), 549. Skinner, T., Carey, M., Cradock, S., Dallosso, H., Daly, H., Davies, M., . . . Oliver, L. (2011). Comparison of illness representations dimensions and illness representation clusters in predicting outcomes in the first year following diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: results from the DESMOND trial. Psychology and Health, 26(3), 321-335. Steinbrecher, N., & Hiller, W. (2011). Course and prediction of somatoform disorder and medically unexplained symptoms in primary care. General Hospital Psychiatry, 33(4), 318-326. Turkington, C., Dempster, M., & Maguire, J. (2018). Adjustment to hand injury: cross-sectional survey exploring adjustment in relation to illness perceptions and coping strategies. Journal of Hand Therapy, 31(4), 502-510. Vilchinsky, N., Dekel, R., Asher, Z., Leibowitz, M., & Mosseri, M. (2013). The role of illness perceptions in the attachment-related process of affect regulation. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 26(3), 314-329. Wang, A. W.-T., Cheng, C.-P., Chang, C.-S., Chen, D.-R., Chen, S.-T., Shieh, V., . . . Hsu, W.-Y. (2016). Does the Factor Structure of the Brief COPE Fit Different Types of Traumatic Events? European Journal of Psychological Assessment. Wang, G. L., Hsu, S. H., Feng, A. C., Chiu, C. Y., Shen, J. F., Lin, Y. J., & Cheng, C. C. (2011). The HADS and the DT for screening psychosocial distress of cancer patients in Taiwan. Psycho‐oncology, 20(6), 639-646. Weinman, J., Petrie, K. J., Moss-Morris, R., & Horne, R. (1996). The illness perception questionnaire: a new method for assessing the cognitive representation of illness. Psychology and Health, 11(3), 431-445. Wilson, E. R., Wisely, J. A., Wearden, A. J., Dunn, K. W., Edwards, J., & Tarrier, N. (2011). Do illness perceptions and mood predict healing time for burn wounds? A prospective, preliminary study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 71(5), 364-366. Zabora, J., BrintzenhofeSzoc, K., Curbow, B., Hooker, C., & Piantadosi, S. (2001). The prevalence of psychological distress by cancer site. Psycho‐Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer, 10(1), 19-28. Zabora, J. R., Blanchard, C. G., Smith, E. D., Roberts, C. S., Glajchcn, M., Sharp, J. W., . . . Smith, P. M. (1997). Prevalence of psychological distress among cancer patients across the disease continuum. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 15(2), 73-87.
描述:	碩士國立政治大學心理學系 106752021
資料來源:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106752021
資料類型:	thesis
DOI:	10.6814/NCCU202100789
顯示於類別:	[心理學系] 學位論文

文件中的檔案:

檔案	描述	大小	格式	瀏覽次數
202101.pdf		4987Kb	Adobe PDF2	0	檢視/開啟

在政大典藏中所有的資料項目都受到原著作權保護.

社群 sharing

著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement

1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.

DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004 MIT & Hewlett-Packard / Enhanced by NTU Library IR team Copyright © - 回饋