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    Title: 音樂治療法律管制之探討
    The Study of Legal Regulation of Music Therapy
    Authors: 蘇郁惠
    Su, Yu-Huei
    Contributors: 江玉林
    Chiang, Yu-Lin
    蘇郁惠
    Su, Yu-Huei
    Keywords: 音樂治療
    法律管制
    職業
    證照
    執照
    利益衝突
    利益衡量
    Music therapy
    Legal regulation
    Profession
    Certificate
    License
    Conflict of interest
    Balance of interest
    Date: 2020
    Issue Date: 2020-09-02 12:25:11 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究目的在探討音樂治療的法律管制：1.衛福部《衛部醫字第1080008511號》對藝術治療團體（包含音樂治療）爭取工作權的見解；2.證照相關理論；3.從我國輔助治療相關的助人專業立法，來看音樂治療的法律管制；4.美國音樂治療協會核准的音樂治療大學課程標準與能力指標、實踐標準與專業分級；5.美國各州音樂治療立法情況與爭點。（建議一）音樂治療採「證照」管制為佳，「執照」排他性過強宜慎思：2011 年美國北達科他州訂州法要求音樂治療師須有州執照才能執業，雖維繫音樂治療專業受政府認可，卻造成外界質疑該立法壟斷音樂治療行業，恐違背美國《憲法》保障人民不受政府任意控制下的謀生權利、侵害人民職業自由。（建議二）推動音樂治療繼續教育與再認證，以激勵音樂治療師專業成長，並爭取其他專業人士與社會公眾對音樂治療的認同。（建議三）基於專業、市場與政府間的利益衝突與利益衡量，不宜過度強調音樂治療的執業排他性；過度強調執業排他性，將使具全面功能改善效益的音樂治療，因為與其他醫事或專業技術人員的執行業務有所重疊，而使音樂治療的使用受到限縮，反不利於民
    眾健康福祉。（建議四）凸顯專業、非專屬、服務重疊與專業協作，以研議專法：美國音樂治療協會闡明「服務重疊」即「音樂治療師認識到為使患者從整體、連續性的治療中受益，多種專業提供的服務會有一些重疊。我們承認，其他專業人員只要在自己的範圍內工作，就可以斟酌來使用音樂。」衛福部 2019 年接見表達性藝術治療團體時，建議參考《社會工作師法》立法精神，本文作者建議參考2020 年《公共衛生師法》專業、非專屬精神，研訂「音樂輔助治療師」專法之可行性。（建議五）發展教、考、訓、用合一以支援音樂治療法律管制：建議國內籌設非營利、超然獨立的專業組織，研議音樂治療大學系所之課程標準、能力指標與臨床實踐標準，並提出音樂治療從業人員認證、繼續教育與在認證的規劃。
    The purposes of this thesis are including:1. The views of the Ministry of Health and Welfare on the right to work for art therapy groups(including music therapy) ; 2.Theories of Certificate; 3. Viewing the legal regulation of music therapy from the legislation of assisting therapy helping professions；4. Course standards and competency-based
    standards of university music therapy degree approved by American Music Therapy Association(AMTA). Standards of clinical practice and levels of practice in music therapy advised by AMTA. 5.The legislations of music therapy and specific dispute in most states of US. Based on the above-mentioned regulations and practical insights, the following recommendations are proposed: (Recommendation 1) “ Certificate ”regulation is better for music therapy. The “license” is too exclusive and should be considered carefully: In 2011, North Dakota in the United States enacted a state law, music therapists are required to be licensed. Although this legislation maintains government recognition of the music therapy profession, it has caused outside doubts that the legislation monopolizes the music therapy industry and may go against the US Constitution to protect the people`s right to earn a living without arbitrary control by the government, and infringe on the people`s professional freedom. (Recommendation 2) Promote the music therapy continuing education and re-certification program to maintain the professional quality, it will inspire the professional growth of music therapists and win recognition from other professionals and the public.
    (Recommendation 3)Based on the conflicts of interest and balancing of interests among professions, markets, and government, it is not appropriate to overemphasize the
    exclusivity of music therapy. Music therapy can facilitate the comprehensive functions of people, it will be overlapped with other medical or professional personnel. If we overemphasize the exclusivity of music therapy, utilizing music in another helping professions will be restricted, and it is not favorable to the health and well-being of people. (Recommendation 4) Highlighting the professional but non-exclusive, overlap in services and professional collaboration, study and negotiate the feasibility of music therapist special law: “overlap in services”in the scope music therapy practice means “music therapists recognize that in order for clients to benefit from an integrated, holistic treatment approach, there will be some overlap in services provided by multiple professions. We acknowledge that other professionals may use music, as appropriate, as long as they are working within their scope”When the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Taiwan met with expressive art therapy groups in 2019, It was recommended to refer to the legislative spirit of the “Social Worker Act”to conduct research on the legislative act. It can be seen that the Taiwanese government tends to identify music therapy practitioners as non-medical personnel who provide auxiliary measures. The author of this thesis proposes to refer to the professional and nonexclusive spirit of the“Public Health Specialists Act”passed in 2020, and discuss the feasibility of formulating a “Music-Assisted therapist Act”.Recommendation 5)Integration of music therapy education, license, training and practices to support the legal regulation of music therapy: It is recommended that domestic non-profit and
    independent professional organizations be established to discuss the standards for degrees and competency-based standards, standards of clinical practice and music
    therapist certification.
    Reference: 一、中文資料
    (一)期刊
    1.李隆盛、李信達、陳淑貞，技職教育證照制度的回顧與展望。教育資料與研究雙月刊，第93期，2010年4月，頁31-52。
    2.周桂如、鍾明惠，音樂治療於失智症老人之應用，源遠護理，第11卷第2期， 2017年7月，頁5-11。
    3.董建廷、林易勳。論權利濫用之利益衡量─評釋最高法院104年度台上字第2480號民事判決。軍法專刊，第66卷第3期，2020年6月，頁103-125。
    4.劉芳妤，從美國特殊教育法規探究其音樂治療服務走入學校場域之源由與發展，特殊教育發展期刊，第60期，2015年12月，頁83-90。
    5.蕭瑞玲、陳綺慧、孟瑛如，融入音樂治療之棒鐘活動於成人智能障礙者生活照護實務分享，特教季刊，第142期，2017年3月，頁11-23。

    (二)政府文書
    1.考試院考選部，《專門職業及技術人員考試法》，公(發)布日期：1986年1月24日公布，修正日期：2018年11月21日。
    2.考試院考選部，《專門職業及技術人員考試法施行細則》，發布日期：1986年5月2日，修正日期：2019年9月20日。
    3.考試院銓敘部，《醫事人員人事條例》，公布日期：1999年7月15日，修正日期：2016年5月17日。
    4.行政院勞動部，《職業訓練法》，發布日期：1983年12月5日，修正日期：2015年7月1日。
    5.行政院衛生福利部，《公共衛生師法》，公(發)部日期：2020年6月3日。
    6.行政院衛生福利部，《心理師法》，公布日期：2001年11月21日，修正日期：2020年1月15日。
    7.行政院衛生福利部，《社會工作師法》，公布日期：1997年4月2日，修正日期：2020年1月15日。
    8.行政院衛生福利部，《職能治療師法》，公布日期：1997年5月21日，修正日期：2020年1月15日。
    9.行政院衛生福利部，《醫事人員執業登記及繼續教育辦法》，發布日期：2013年7月1日，修正日期：2016年10月7日。
    10.行政院衛生福利部，主旨：所請訂定表達性藝術治療師管理規定一案，復如說明，請查照。受文者：台灣藝術治療學會，發文日期：中華民國108年3月28日，發文字號：衛部醫字第1080008511號。
    11.行政院衛生福利部，表達性藝術治療團體爭取於國內之工作權利拜會紀要，時間：中華民國108年3月12日下午4:30-6:00。

    (三)網頁資料
    1.中華民國應用音樂推廣協會， [公告]:2020年4月27日《中華民國應用音樂推廣協會專業認證會員熱烈申請中》，資料網址，https://www.musictherapy.org.tw/，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。
    2.王智弘，九二一重生之旅-談災後心理復健與成長之道，資料網址http://921.heart.net.tw/921renew.shtml，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月8日。
    3.世界圖書百科全書, 有關美國：美利堅合眾國憲法之解釋說明, 授權張貼網址https://web-archive-2017.ait.org.tw/infousa/zhtw/PUBS/Constitution/amendment.htm，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。
    4.台北市醫學人文學會，音樂治療關懷師（ Comforter）培訓專案計劃，資料網址，https://tamhblog.wordpress.com/2016/10/10/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82%E9%97%9C%E6%87%B7%E5%B8%AB%EF%BC%88-comforter%EF%BC%89-E5%9F%B9%E8%A8%93%E5%B0%88%E6%A1%88%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83/ ，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。
    5.台灣失智症協會，失智人口知多少，資料網址，http://www.tada2002.org.tw/tada_know_02.html 最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。
    6.台灣金融研訓院，熱門證照，資料網址https://www.tabf.org.tw/LicenseExamList.aspx?ExamCode=261，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。
    7.全國特殊教育資訊網，個別化教育計畫IEP，資料網址，https://special.moe.gov.tw/article.php?paid=140，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。
    8.行政院衛生福利部醫事司，台灣公共衛生新里程碑 立法院三讀通過「公共衛生師法」，資料網址https://www.mohw.gov.tw/fp-16-53920-1.html，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月10日。
    9.國家教育研究院雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網，助人專業（Helping Profession），資料網址http://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/1305472/，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。
    10.勞動部勞動力發展署，全國技術士技能檢定，資料網址https://skill.tcte.edu.tw/linkto.php ，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。
    11.經濟部產業人才能力推動網，能力鑑定項目，資料網址 https://www.ipas.org.tw/ ，最後瀏覽日：2020年7月29日。

    二、英文資料
    (一)專書
    1.D. Aldridge, ‘Music Therapy with the Elderly’, In: Aldridge D editor(s). Music therapy research and practice in medicine. London:: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, pp.186‐210(Jun.1995).

    (二)期刊
    1.J. M. Sullivan, Music for the injured soldier: A contribution of American women’s military bands during World War II. Journal of Music Therapy, Vo.44 No.3,pp. 282–305(Fall 2007).
    2.J.Tang & T.Vezeau, The use of music intervention in healthcare research: a narrative review of the literature, The Journal of Nursing Research Vol. 18 No.3,pp.174-190（Sep.2010）
    3.Karen Salvadora & Varvara Pasialib, Intersections between music education and music therapy: Education reform, arts education, exceptionality, and policy at the local level, Arts Education Policy Review, Vol.118 No.2, pp.93-103(2017).
    4.R. Blackburn & T. Bradshaw, Music therapy for service users with dementia: a critical review of the literature. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Vol.21, pp.879-888(Dec. 2016).
    5.S. L. Robb. Marian Erdman: Contributions of an American Red Cross hospital recreation worker. Journal of Music Therapy, Vol.36 No.4, pp.314-329(Dec. 1999).
    6.T.Ueda, Y.Suzukamo, M.Sato,& S.I.Izumi, Effects of music therapy on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Research Reviews,Vol.12 No.2, pp.628– 641(March 2013).

    (三)政府文書
    1.North Dakota Legislative Branch, 《Chapter 43-59》(Music Therapists), available at https://www.legis.nd.gov/cencode/t43c59.html ,(last visited July28, 2020).
    2.New York State Education Department, 《Education Law》(Article 163, Mental Health Practitioners)( §8404. Creative arts therapy). available at http://www.op.nysed.gov/prof/mhp/article163.htm

    (四)網頁資料
    1.American Music Therapy Association , What attributes does one need to be a music therapist? available at https://www.musictherapy.org/faq/,(last visited July 10, 2020).
    2.American Music Therapy Association ,Music Therapy and Alzheimer’s Disease, available at http://www.musictherapy.org/assets/1/7/MT_Alzheimers_2006.pdf (last visited July 10, 2020).
    3.American Music Therapy Association ,The Education of a Music Therapist, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/careers/employment/,(last visited July 10, 2020).
    4.American Music Therapy Association, Advisory On Levels Of Practice In Music Therapy, Oct.5,2005,available at https://www.musictherapy.org/members/advisory_on_levels_of_practice_in_music_therapy/,(last visited July20, 2020).
    5.American Music Therapy Association, AMTA Government Relations Team, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/policy/grteam/,,(last visited July28, 2020).
    6.American Music Therapy Association, AMTA Standards of Clinical Practice, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/about/standards/,(last visited July10, 2020).
    7.American Music Therapy Association, Assumptions , available at https://www.musictherapy.org/about/scope_of_music_therapy_practice/,(last visited July20, 2020).
    8.American Music Therapy Association, Bachelor`s Degree Requirements , available at https://www.musictherapy.org/careers/employment/, (last visited July10, 2020).
    9.American Music Therapy Association, Doctoral Degrees, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/careers/employment/ , (last visited July10, 2020).
    10.American Music Therapy Association, Master`s Degree/Equivalency, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/careers/employment/ ,(last visited July10, 2020).
    11.American Music Therapy Association, Music Therapy Licensure Legislation Signed into Law, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/music_therapy_licensure_legislation_signed_into_law/,(last visited July28, 2020).
    12.American Music Therapy Association, Music Therapy Undergraduate Equivalency, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/careers/employment/ ,(last visited July10, 2020).
    13.American Music Therapy Association, Opportunities for Employment, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/careers/employment/,(last visited July 20, 2020).
    14.American Music Therapy Association, Potential for Harm, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/about/scope_of_music_therapy_practice/,(last visited July20, 2020).
    15.American Music Therapy Association, Scope of Music Therapy Practice, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/about/scope_of_music_therapy_practice/,(last visited July20, 2020).
    16.American Music Therapy Association, State Advocacy, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/policy/stateadvocacy/,(last visited July28, 2020).
    17.American Music Therapy Association, What is Music Therapy？ available at https://www.musictherapy.org/about/musictherapy/ ,(last visited July 29, 2020).
    18.American Music Therapy Association, What Music Therapy Is... and Is Not？ https://www.musictherapy.org/about/quotes/,(last visited July 29, 2020).
    19.American Music Therapy Association. Standards for bachelor’s degrees, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/careers/employment/, (last visited July20, 2020).
    20.American Music Therapy Association.Nov.23,2013, American Music Therapy Association Professional Competencies. available at https://www.musictherapy.org/about/competencies/, (last visited July20, 2020).
    21.American Music Therapy Association.Nov.23,2013, Preamble to AMTA Professional Competencies, available at https://www.musictherapy.org/about/competencies/, (last visited July20, 2020).
    22.British Association for Music Therapy, Music therapy should be on prescription for people with dementia, Oct. 10, 2015,available at https://www.bamt.org/DB/news-archive-2015/music-therapy-should-be-on-prescription-for-people.html,( (last visited June 15, 2020).
    23.Canadian Association of Music Therapists, What is Music Therapy？available at https://www.musictherapy.ca/about-camt-music-therapy/about-music-therapy/,(last visited July 29, 2020).
    24.Certification Board for Music Therapists, Continuing Music Therapy Education CMTE Options Overview, available at https://www.cbmt.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Check-the-Chart-1.pdf,(last visited July 28, 2020).
    25.Certification Board for Music Therapists, History. available at https://www.cbmt.org/about/,(last visited July 29, 2020).
    26.Certification Board for Music Therapists, recertification. available at https://www.cbmt.org/certificants/recertification/,(last visited July 20, 2020).
    27.Mount Sinai, The Louis Armstrong Department of Music Therapy, available at https://www.mountsinai.org/locations/music-therapy ,(last visited July 29, 2020).
    28.Pacific Legal Foundation, Time for North Dakota’s music therapy license to go, available at https://pacificlegal.org/time-for-north-dakotas-music-therapy-license-to-go/,(last visited July 28,2020)
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    法學院碩士在職專班
    101961028
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101961028
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202001568
    Appears in Collections:[Master of Laws Program for Executives] Theses

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