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    题名: 科技創新對國力競逐之影響研究-以中美科技戰為例
    Impact of Technology Innovation on Power Competition Among Nations: Perspective from U.S.-China Technology War
    作者: 賴秀雯
    贡献者: 邱坤玄
    賴秀雯
    关键词: 貿易戰
    科技戰
    科技權力
    科技霸權
    大國競爭
    日期: 2020
    上传时间: 2020-08-03 18:29:05 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 美國和中國作為世界第一和第二大國,兩國之綜合實力已經明顯拉開與其他國家的差距,而2018年以來中美貿易戰中的科技戰,提供給我們一個很好的視角,來觀察原有國際體系中的大國面對極可能的霸權挑戰者時,科技創新對於兩國國力競逐的影響。

    本文從國際關係權力平衡的角度,探討科技作為國家權力之一的衡量方式,以及科技權力與經濟權力、軍事之間的交互作用,了解近二十年中美兩國在科技權力的綜合發展,以及中美在戰略性新興發展技術如5G、人工智慧、量子電腦等領域的投入與發展現況。本文並以中美貿易戰中的科技戰為例,探討當科技作為兩國權力競逐的戰場時,美國所採取的手段以及中方回應,研究崛起國面臨此一挑戰時所能採取的策略,並試圖歸納中國科技創新對其國家權力的影響。
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    USTR. “Findings of the Investigation into China’s Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property, and Innovation Under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974,” Office of the United States Trade Representative Executive Office of the President, March 27, 2018, https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/Section%20301%20FINAL.PDF.
    USTR. “Update Concerning China’s Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property, and Innovation,” Office of the United States Trade Representative Executive Office of the President, Nov 20, 2018. https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/enforcement/301Investigations/301%20Report%20Update.pdf.
    White House, “Executive Order on Securing the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain,” The White House, May 15, 2019, https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-securing-information-communications-technology-services-supply-chain/.
    White House. “Remarks by Vice President Pence at the Frederic V. Malek Memorial Lecture,” Oct 24, 2019, The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-vice-president-pence-frederic-v-malek-memorial-lecture/.
    WIPO. “WIPO Technology Trends 2019: Artificial Intelligence,” Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2019.
    https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1055.pdf.
    U.S. Embassy in Luxembourg, “Secretary Pompeo and Secretary Esper Speak at Munich Security Conference 2020,” U.S. Embassy in Luxembourg, https://lu.usembassy.gov/secretary-pompeo-and-secretary-esper-speak-at-munich-security-conference-2020/.
    U.S. Treasury. “The Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 (FIRRMA),” U.S. Department of the Treasury, https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/international/the-committee-on-foreign-investment-in-the-united-states-cfius/cfius-legislation.
    “China’s Trade Disruptive Economic Model,” WT/GC/W/745, WTO General Counsel, U.S. Communication, 11 July 2018, https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/FE_Search/FE_S_S009-DP.aspx?language=E&CatalogueIdList=247027,247023,246849,246824,246785,246786,246779,246780,246766,246733&CurrentCatalogueIdIndex=5&FullTextHash=.
    “Federal Acquisition Regulation: Prohibition on Contracting for Certain Telecommunications and Video Surveillance Services or Equipment,” Department of Defense, General Services Administration, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Dec 13, 2019, https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/12/13/2019-26579/federal-acquisition-regulation-prohibition-on-contracting-for-certain-telecommunications-and-video.
    “National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019,” Congress.gov, Aug 13, 2018,https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/5515/text.
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    新聞
    “Drop Huawei or See Intelligence Sharing Pared Back, U.S. Tells Germany,” The Wall Street Journal, March 11, 2019, https://www.wsj.com/articles/drop-huawei-or-see-intelligence-sharing-pared-back-u-s-tells-germany-11552314827.
    “U.S. government limits exports of artificial intelligence software,” Reuters, Jan 3, 2020, https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-artificial-intelligence/us-government-limits-exports-of-artificial-intelligence-software-idUSL1N2980M0.
    Liu, Coco and Cheng, Ting-Fang. “Alibaba unveils AI chip to boost cloud plans and cut reliance on US,” Nikkei Asian Review, September 25, 2019, https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/China-tech/Alibaba- unveils-AI-chip-to-boost-cloud-plans-and-cut-reliance-on-US.
    Corpuz, Eleazer. “The Dawn of AI: Congress Is Discussing What We’ll Do in a World Run by Robots,” Futurism, December 2, 2016, https://futurism.com/the-dawn-of-ai-congress-is-discussing-what-well-do-in-a-world-run-by-robots.
    Magnier, Mark. “Top US Navy official expresses concerns about growing threat from China,” South China Morning Post, Feb 29, 2020, https:// https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3052977/top-us-navy-official-expresses-concerns-about-growing-threat.
    Pham, Sherisse. “Huawei sues US government over new FCC restrictions,” CNN Business, December 5, 2019, https://edition.cnn.com/2019/12/05/tech/huawei-us-ban-lawsuit/index.html.
    Pohlmann, T. "Who is leading the 5G patent race?" 12 Dec 2018, https://www.iam-media.com/who-leading-5g-patent-race.
    Simonite, Tom. “For Superpowers, Artificial Intelligence Fuels New Global Arms Race,” Wired, August 8, 2017, https://www.wired.com/story/for-superpowers-artificial-intelligence-fuels-new-global-arms-race.

    網路
    “Chinese Physicists Win 2018 Newcomb-Cleveland Prize.” Asian Scientist, Feb 15, 2019, https://www.asianscientist.com/2019/02/academia/2018-newcomb-cleveland-prize-quantum-communication/.
    “Global Innovation Index 2019.” World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), July 2019, https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=4434.
    “Gross domestic spending on R&D.” Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), https://data.oecd.org/rd/gross-domestic-spending-on-r-d.htm#indicator-chart.
    “Huawei in Germany: Merkel says it`s risky to ban any 5G provider.” AJ Impact, Jan 24, 2020, https://www.aljazeera.com/ajimpact/huawei-germany-merkel-risky-ban-5g-provider-200123202320425.html
    “OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2017: The digital transformation.” OECD Publishing, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264268821-en.
    “President Trump Signs Export Control Reform Act of 2018 into Law,” Practical Law Commercial Transactions, Aug 23, 2018, https://content.next.westlaw.com/Document/I1b537fe2a46c11e8a5b3e3d9e23d7429/View/FullText.html?contextData=(sc.Default)&transitionType=Default&firstPage=true&bhcp=1.
    “Science and Engineering Indicators 2018.” National Science Foundation (NSF), https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2018/nsb20181/.
    “Triadic patent families.” Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), https://data.oecd.org/rd/triadic-patent-families.htm.
    “The Global Competitiveness Report 2019.” World Economic Forum, Oct 9, 2019, http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf.
    “U.S. government limits exports of artificial intelligence software,” Reuters, Jan Y 4, 2020, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-artificial-intelligence/u-s-government-limits-exports-of-artificial-intelligence-software-idUSKBN1Z21PT.
    Brown, Michael and Singh, Pavneet. “China’s Technology Transfer Strategy: How Chinese Investments in Emerging Technology Enable A Strategic Competitor to Access the Crown Jewels of U.S. Innovation,” Defense Innovation Unit Experimental, January 2018. https://www.diux.mil/download/datasets/1758/DIUx%20Study%20on%20China`s%20Technology%20Transfer%20Strategy%20-%20Jan%202018.pdf.
    Farhad Jalinous, et al., “CFIUS Finalizes New FIRRMA Regulations.” White & Case, Jan 2020, https://www.whitecase.com/sites/default/files/2020-01/cfius-finalizes-new-firrma-regulations.pdf.
    IHS Markit. “Number of Connected IoT Devices Will Surge to 125 Billion by 2030, IHS Markit Says,” press release, IHS Markit, Oct. 24, 2017, https://technology.ihs.com/596542/number-of-connected-iot-devices-will-surge-to-125-billion-by-2030-ihs-markit-says.
    Maggie Miller. “FCC votes to bar use of its funds to purchase Huawei, ZTE equipment.” The Hill, Nov 29, 2019, https://thehill.com/policy/technology/471685-fcc-votes-to-bar-use-of-its-funds-to-purchase-huawei-zte-equipment.
    Sayler, Kelley M. “Artificial Intelligence and National Security.” Congressional Research Service, Nov 21, 2019, https://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R45178.pdf.
    Tian, Nan and Fleurant, Aude. “Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2018.” Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), April 2019, https://www.sipri.org/publications/2019/sipri-fact-sheets/trends-world-military-expenditure-2018.
    Williams, Robert. “Is Huawei a Pawn in the Trade War? The Politics of the Global Tech Race.” Foreign Affairs, Jan 30, 2019, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2019-01-30/huawei-pawn-trade-war.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    國家安全與大陸研究碩士在職專班
    107981005
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107981005
    数据类型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202001056
    显示于类别:[國家安全與大陸研究碩士在職專班] 學位論文

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