政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/131173
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文笔数/总笔数 : 113648/144635 (79%)
造访人次 : 51578989      在线人数 : 1003
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜寻范围 查询小技巧：
  • 您可在西文检索词汇前后加上"双引号"，以获取较精准的检索结果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜寻，建议至进阶搜寻限定作者字段，可获得较完整数据
    •  进阶搜寻


    请使用永久网址来引用或连结此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/131173


    题名: 國際人權規範與賦權：以實驗法檢證CEDAW第5條在台灣的有效性
    International Human Rights Norms and Empowerment: Testing the Effectiveness of CEDAW`s Article 5 in Taiwan with a Survey Experiment
    作者: 王思涵
    Wang, Szu-Han
    贡献者: 楊婉瑩
    翁燕菁
    Yang, Wan-Ying
    Weng, Yen-Ching
    王思涵
    Wang, Szu-Han
    关键词: 調查實驗
    消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約
    第5條
    國際人權規範
    公約效用
    CEDAW
    Empowerment
    Article 5
    International human rights law
    Effectiveness of convention
    Survey experiment
    日期: 2020
    上传时间: 2020-08-03 18:10:17 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 我國加入《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》逾十年，性別統計數據卻仍揭露出「男主外、女主內」的傳統性別分工樣態，顯見性別刻板印象持續阻礙我國婦女人權推展。此一傳統社會文化對婦女造成不利影響的處境，正是CEDAW第5條規範旨欲積極矯正的難題，作為整部CEDAW的中心條款與指導原則，第5條規範的落實能否協助台灣破除性別刻板印象，遂成為本文主要關注之處。有別於既往對公約效用的討論多聚焦在國家層次，本文主張，公約對個人的賦權效果，更是評斷公約效用理應注重的核心。研究發現，知會CEDAW第5條規範內涵對女性具有顯著的正向賦權效果，然而，同樣的實驗處置卻對男性產生顯著的負向剝奪效果，兩性對CEDAW第5條規範內涵的不同理解，加劇了其在性別平權態度上的原有落差。

    透過調查實驗之建構，本文首度於台灣驗證「知會CEDAW第5條規範內涵」具有「賦權權利主體」的正向影響，對我國公約效用的討論以及實驗設計運用皆有所補充。此外，調查問卷的施測過程亦同時達到向受試者知會CEDAW及第5條規範的教育宣導效果，具有促進社會效益的功能。循本文研究成果所見，女性對CEDAW第5條規範內涵的普遍陌生、以及男性對CEDAW第5條規範內涵的不同理解，在在彰顯了我國政府履行CEDAW國家義務的積極作為仍顯不足，尚未能透過一切適當措施，向民眾進行「有效」的教育宣導—特別是針對在婦女權益推進路上，感到自身權益遭受剝奪、轉而更加依賴傳統父權文化的男性群體，政府更須發展相應且有效的教育宣導模式。
    Taiwan has ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) over 10 years, yet from the gender statistics and the relevant reports, we found ourselves still live in a society without true gender equality. It is questionable whether the international human rights law (IHRL) has the actual effect on protecting human rights within sovereign states. Most of the existing literature discusses such an effect on the state level, in contrast, we believe that IHRL like CEDAW could have an empowerment effect on citizens, thus achieve its aim to protect human rights. Following Chilton and Tingley`s (2013) call for using experiments to study international law, we conduct a survey experiment to test our empowerment hypothesis. By doing surveys, we could not only supply new evidence to international law`s effectiveness but also facilitate social benefits by advocating the essence of CEDAW. Meanwhile, we also aim to encourage academics to utilize experiment methodology in various study fields.

    Our findings show that informing citizens with the essence of CEDAW’s article 5 enhances women`s gender consciousness, but hinder men’s at the same time. This indicates that government must beware of the different reactions between women and men while promoting the essence of article 5. Obviously, simply text notification is not a good way to acquire supports for women’s right from men, and it looks like our government has not taken all appropriate measures for undertaking obligations from CEDAW. Apart from the negative effects shown on men, our study claims that even Taiwan could only ratify CEDAW unilaterally, the power of CEDAW still holds, and keep providing empowerment resources for women to protect their human rights.
    參考文獻: 王舒芸、王品，2014，〈台灣照顧福利的發展與困境：1990-2012〉，陳瑤華主編，《台灣婦女處境白皮書：2014年》：29-76，台北：女書文化。
    王舒芸、余漢儀，1997，〈奶爸難為—雙薪家庭之父職角色初探〉，《婦女與兩性學刊》，（8）：115-149。
    王曉丹、宋靈珊，2018，〈女性主義如何介入法律？〉，黃淑玲與游美惠主編，《性別向度與臺灣社會》：171-191，高雄：巨流。
    行政院性別平等會，2017，《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》中華民國第3三次國家報告專要文件。
    姜貞吟，2018，〈性別化的習俗與文化〉，黃淑玲與游美惠主編，《性別向度與臺灣社會》：3-23，高雄：巨流。
    教育部，2010，〈性別平等教育白皮書〉，https://www.gender.edu.tw/web/index.php/m1/m1_01_01?sid=258，查閱時間：2020/04/06。
    陳隆志，2015，〈性別平權理念在國際法上的發展〉，張文貞與官曉薇主編，《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》：9-34，台北：財團法人台灣新世紀文教基金會。
    陳瑤華，2015，〈CEDAW在台灣的落實〉，張文貞與官曉薇主編，《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》：65-96，台北：財團法人台灣新世紀文教基金會。
    翁燕菁，2017，〈對話與爭議：從歐洲人權法圖像論臺灣施行人權公約之實質意涵〉，《臺大法學論叢》，46：1115-1201。
    張文貞，2015，〈反歧視與國家義務〉，張文貞與官曉薇主編，《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》：97-140，台北：財團法人台灣新世紀文教基金會。
    婦女新知基金會，2013，〈刑法通姦罪，早該廢了！〉，https://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/73288，查閱時間：2019/07/4。
    游美惠，2014，〈性別教育向前行〉，陳瑤華主編，《台灣婦女處境白皮書：2014年》：209-240，台北：女書文化。
    游美惠，2018，〈親密關係〉，黃淑玲與游美惠主編，《性別向度與臺灣社會》：103-124，高雄：巨流。
    黃紀，2016，〈2012年至2016年『選舉與民主化調查』四年期研究規劃(4/4)：民國一百零五年總統與立法委員選舉調查面訪案〉，http://teds.nccu.edu.tw/data1/super_pages.php?ID=data201，查閱時間：2020/04/06。
    黃囇莉，2018，〈性別歧視的多重樣貌〉，黃淑玲與游美惠主編，《性別向度與臺灣社會》：125-145，高雄：巨流。
    湯京平，2015，〈2010 世界價值觀調查－台灣〉，https://srda.sinica.edu.tw/datasearch_detail.php?id=1220，查閱時間：2020/04/06。
    楊婉瑩、林珮婷，2011，〈當「男女有別」變成「男女不平等」－性別角色認知與政治效能感〉，《女學學誌：婦女與性別研究》，（29）：121-172。
    廖福特，2015，〈消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約的歷史發展與監督機制〉，張文貞與官曉薇主編，《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》：35-64，台北：財團法人台灣新世紀文教基金會。
    蕭昭君，2015，〈消除文化習俗上的歧視〉，張文貞與官曉薇主編，《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》：141-180，台北：財團法人台灣新世紀文教基金會。
    Anjum, Gulnaz, Zahid Usman and Adam S. Chilton. 2016. “United Nations Endorsement & Support for Human Rights: An Experiment on Women`s Rights in Pakistan” Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers.
    Chilton, Adam S. 2014. “The Influence of International Human Rights Agreements on Public Opinion: An Experimental Study” Chicago Journal of International Law 15(1):110-37.
    Chilton, Adam S. 2017. “Experimentally Testing the Effectiveness of Human Rights Treaties” Chicago Journal of International Law 18(1):164-85.
    Chilton, Adam S. and Dustin H. Tingley. 2013. “Why the Study of International Law Needs Experiments” Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 52(1): 173-237.
    Clark, Ann Marie and Kathryn Sikkink. 2013. “Information Effects and Human Rights Data: Is the Good News about Increased Human Rights Information Bad News for Human Rights Measures?” Human Rights Quarterly 35(3): 539-68.
    Druckman, James N. 2003. “The Power of Television Images: The First Kennedy- Nixon Debate Revisited” The Journal of Politics 65(2): 559-71.
    Druckman, James N. and Cindy D. Kam. 2011. “Students as Experimental Participants: A Defense of the ‘Narrow Data Base’ ” in Cambridge Handbook of Experimental Political Science, eds. James N. Druckman, Donald P. Green, James H. Kuklinski, and Arthur Lupia. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Druckman, James N., Donald P. Green, James H. Kuklinski, and Arthur Lupia . 2011a. “Experimentation in Political Science” in Cambridge Handbook of Experimental Political Science, eds. James N. Druckman, Donald P. Green, James H. Kuklinski, and Arthur Lupia. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Druckman, James N., Donald P. Green, James H. Kuklinski, and Arthur Lupia . 2011b. “Experiments: An Introduction to Core Concepts” in Cambridge Handbook of Experimental Political Science, eds. James N. Druckman, Donald P. Green, James H. Kuklinski, and Arthur Lupia. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Eichenhofer, Eberhard. 2015. “Social security as a human right: A European perspective” in Research Handbook on European Social Security Law, eds. Frans Pennings and Gijsbert Vonk. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.
    Fariss, Christopher J. 2014. “Respect for Human Rights Has Improved Over Time: Modeling the Changing Standard of Accountability” American Political Science Review 108(2): 297-318.
    Fariss, Christopher J. 2017. “The Changing Standard of Accountability and the Positive Relationship between Human Rights Treaty Ratification and Compliance” British Journal of Political Science 48(1): 239-271.
    Gerber, Alan S., Donald P. Green, and Edward H. Kaplan. 2004. “The illusion of learning from observational research” in Problems and Methods in the Study of Politics, eds. Ian Shapiro, Rogers M. Smith, and Tarek E. Masoud. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Glick, Peter and Susan T. Fiske. 1996. “The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: Differentiating Hostile and Benevolent Sexism” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70(3): 491-512.
    Goldsmith, Jack L. and Eric A. Posner. 2005. The Limits of International Law. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Goodman, Ryan and Derek Jinks. 2003. “Measuring the Effects of Human Rights Treaties” European Journal of International Law 14(1): 171-83.
    Goodman, Ryan and Derek Jinks. 2013. Socializing States: Promoting Human Rights through International Law. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Hafner-Burton, Emilie M. 2008. “Sticks and Stones: Naming and Shaming the Human Enforcement Problem” International Organization 62(4): 689-716.
    Hafner-Burton, Emilie M., Brad L. LeVeck, and David G. Victor. 2016. “How Activists Perceive the Utility of International Law” The Journal of Politics 78(1): 167-80.
    Harrison, Brian F. and Michelson Melissa R. 2017. Listen, We Need to Talk: How to Change Attitudes about LGBT Rights. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Hathaway, Oona. 2002. “Do Human Rights Treaties Make a Difference?” The Yale Law Journal 111(8): 1935-2042.
    Helfer, Laurence R. and Anne-Marie Slaughter. 1997. “Toward a Theory of Effective Supranational Adjudication” The Yale Law Journal 107(2): 273-391.
    Hill, Daniel W. 2010. “Estimating the Effects of Human Rights Treaties on State Behavior” The Journal of Politics 72(4): 1161-74.
    Hillebrecht, Courtney. 2014. Domestic Politics and International Human Rights Tribunals: The Problem of Compliance. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Holland, Paul W. 1986. “Statistics and Causal Inference.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 81: 945–60.
    Holtmaat, Rikki. 2011. “Article 5” in The UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: A Commentary, eds. Marsha A. Freeman, Christine Chinkin, and Beate Rudolf. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Inglehart, Ronald and Pippa Norris. 2003. Rising Tide. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Iacus, Stefano M., Gary King, and Giuseppe Porro. 2019. “A Theory of Statistical Inference for Matching Methods in Causal Research.” Political Analysis 27(1): 46-68.
    Iversen, Torben and Rosenbluth Frances. 2010. Women, Work, & Politics. CT: Yale University Press.
    Kelley, Judith G. and Beth A. Simmons. 2015. “Politics by Number: Indicators as Social Pressure in International Relations” American Journal of Political Science 59(1):1146-61.
    LaCour, Michael J. and Donald P. Green. 2014. “When contact changes minds: An experiment on transmission of support for gay equality” Science 346(6215): 1366-69.
    Lebovic, James H. and Erik Voeten. 2009. “The Cost of Shame: International Organizations and Foreign Aid in the Punishing of Human Rights Violations” Journal of Peace Research 46(1): 79-97.
    Lupu, Yonatan. 2015. “Legislative Veto Players and the Effects of International Human Rights Agreements” American Journal of Political Science 59(3): 578-94.
    Morton, Rebecca B. and Kenneth C. Williams. 2010. “Ethical Decision Making and Political Science Experiments” in Experimental Political Science and the Study of Causality. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Mutz, Diana Carole. 2011. “Treatments for population-based experimental designs” in Population-based survey experiments. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    Neumayer, Eric. 2005. “Do International Human Rights Treaties Improve Respect for Human Rights?” Journal of Conflict Resolution 49(6) : 925-953.
    Neuman, W. Lawrence. 2011. “Survey Research” in Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. 7th ed. New York, NY: Pearson.
    Nielsen, Richard A. 2013. “Rewarding Human Rights? Selective Aid Sanctions Ag ainst Repressive States” International Studies Quarterly 57:791-803.
    Pietilä, Hilkka. 2002. Engendering the Global Agenda: The Story of Women and the United Nations. Geneva: UN Non-Governmental Liaison Service.
    Posner, Eric A. 2014. The Twilight of International Human Rights Law. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Putnam, Tonya L. and Jacob N. Shapiro. 2017. “International Law and Voter Preferences: The Case of Foreign Human Rights Violations” Human Rights Review 18(3): 243-62.
    McDermott, Rose. 2011. “Internal and External Validity” in Cambridge Handbook of Experimental Political Science, eds. James N. Druckman, Donald P. Green, James H. Kuklinski, and Arthur Lupia. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Sepper, Elizabeth. 2008. “Confronting the sacred and unchangeable: The obligation to modify cultural patterns under the women`s discrimination treaty” University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law 30(2): 585-640.
    Simmons, Beth A. 2009. Mobilizing for human rights: International law in domestic politics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Tomz, Michael R., and Jessica L. P. Weeks. 2013. “Public Opinion and the Democratic Peace” American Political Science Review 107(4): 849-65.
    Tsutsui, Kiyoteru, Claire Whitlinger, and Alwyn Lim. 2012. “International Human Rights Law and Social Movements: States’ Resistance and Civil Society’s Insistence” Annual Review of Law and Social Science 8(1):367-96.
    Wallace, Geoffrey P. R. 2014. “Martial Law? Military Experience, International Law, and Support for Torture” International Studies Quarterly 58(3): 501-14.
    WEF. 2018. “The Global Gender Gap Report.” (Accessed on March 9, 2019)
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    政治學系
    106252003
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106252003
    数据类型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202000922
    显示于类别:[政治學系] 學位論文

    文件中的档案:

    档案 描述 大小格式浏览次数
    200301.pdf5569KbAdobe PDF2174检视/开启


    在政大典藏中所有的数据项都受到原著作权保护.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回馈