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    题名: 尋回邊緣的聲音：《魔戒》的生態批評閱讀
    Recovering the Marginal Voices: An Ecocritical Reading of The Lord of the Rings
    作者: 枋采穎
    Fang, Tsai-Ying
    贡献者: 羅狼仁
    Brian David Phillips
    枋采穎
    Fang, Tsai-Ying
    关键词: 魔戒
    托爾金
    生態批評
    邊緣化
    人類中心主義
    奇幻文學
    The Lord of the Rings
    J.R.R. Tolkien
    Ecocriticism
    Marginalization
    Anthropocentrism
    Fantasy literature
    日期: 2020
    上传时间: 2020-08-03 17:17:12 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 托爾金的《魔戒》故事場景設定在「中土世界」，一個充滿奇幻生物和具感知能力的自然環境的幻想世界。和大部分以人類為中心的故事不同，在這個世界裡，自然生物和環境是推進整個故事的共同行動者而非沉默的背景。本文旨在透過生態批評方法探討《魔戒》 中人類與非人類的關係，並進而反思當代的環境與倫理問題。本文採用深層生態學和蓋亞理論等生態理論闡述現代的二元論意識形態如何壓迫與剝削自然環境和邊緣群體，並且《魔戒》中的自然生物和女性角色如何也在這樣的意識形態下被邊緣化。然而，奇幻文學也可以是一種對主流意識形態的反抗，而《魔戒》 正是一個很好的例子。《魔戒》不僅挑戰了人類中心的思維，更透過尋回邊緣群體的聲音展示了不同物種之間的相互關聯性。
    J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings is set in the Middle-earth, an imaginary world that is full of fantasy creatures and sentient natural landscapes. Unlike most human-centered stories, these natural creatures and landscapes are co-actors rather than just silent backgrounds of the story. This thesis investigates the relationship between human and nonhuman in the context of LotR through an eco-critical reading and provides an analysis of the environmental and ethical problems in both the Middle-earth and in our world. Several eco-critical theories such as Deep Ecology and Gaia theory are used in this thesis to demonstrate how the exploitation of the natural environment and the social exploitation of marginal groups are under the similar oppressive structure of modern dualistic ideology. Moreover, this thesis also argues
    that the marginalization of natural creatures and female characters in LotR is a result of this simplistic understanding of the world. However, fantasy as a genre can be a subversive power to these dominant ideologies and LotR is an example of this as it challenges anthropocentric ideology and demonstrates the interconnection of different
    species through recovering the voices of the marginal groups.
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    the Worlds of J.R.R. Tolkien, New York: St. Martin`s Press, 2001, pp. 1–5.
    Murdock, Maureen. The Heroine’s Journey: Woman`s Quest for Wholeness. Kindle ed., Shambhala, 1990.
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    Norwood, Vera L. “Heroines of Nature: Four Women Respond to the American Landscape.” The Ecocriticism Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology, edited by Cheryll Glotfelty and Harold Fromm, The University of Georgia Press, 1996, pp. 323-350.
    Pearson, Ben. “George R. R. Martin on ‘The Lord of the Rings’, Whether Tolkien Would Have Liked His Work, and One Big Regret [Interview].” Slashfilm, 9 May 2019, https://www.slashfilm.com/george-rr-martin-interview/.
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    Rosen, Maggie. “A Feminist Perspective on the History of Women as Witches.” Dissenting Voices, vol. 6, no. 1, 2017, Article 5. https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/dissentingvoices/vol6/iss1/5.
    Shippey, Tom. “Tolkien as a Post-War Writer.” Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature, vol. 21, no. 2, 1996, Article 16. https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol21/iss2/16.
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    Tolkien, J.R.R. “On Fairy-Stories.” The Monster and the Critics, edited by Christopher Tolkien, Harper Collins, 2006, pp.109-161.
    --. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, Harper Collins, 2012.
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    Tolkien, Simon. “Tolkien’s Grandson on How WW1 inspired The Lord of the Rings” BBC, 3 Jan. 2017, http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20161223-tolkiens-grandson-on-how-ww1-inspired-the-lord-of-the-rings. Accessed 1 April 2020.
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    英國語文學系
    104551012
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104551012
    数据类型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202001098
    显示于类别:[英國語文學系] 學位論文

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