Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/130647
|
| Title: | 全球知識經濟下的科技合作： 以三螺旋創新模式發展在地能力的研究
Technical Cooperation in the Global Knowledge-based Economy: Developing Local Capabilities Through a Triple Helix Model of Innovation |
| Authors: | 羅奕安
Nephtaly, Andoney Pierre-Louis |
| Contributors: | 湯京平
Tang, Ching-Ping
羅奕安
Nephtaly Andoney Pierre-Louis |
| Keywords: | 科技合作
全球知識經濟
三螺旋創新模式
發展援助 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| Issue Date: | 2020-07-01 14:02:18 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | Aid capital and infrastructure investments in developing countries have been often tied to technical cooperation components through which, traditionally, international consultants/experts are placed in positions where they can advise, train, and support counterparts. However, in a globalizing world where knowledge generation is increasingly the primary commodity of economic growth, relying merely on top-down knowledge transfer and gap-filling development approach faces its limits. There is a growing need for technical cooperation to be guided by strong local roots through which international aid agencies can learn to “learn with” the people they are serving. These thinkings are at the center of the paradigm of knowledge-based aid, promoting the use of innovation system theories in technical development projects. This research assesses the extent to which this ideal is being realized in the typical case of fragile States that is Haiti, through the scope of a USAID funded agricultural project called AREA.
Using the diagnostic framework of the World Bank (2006) on Agricultural Innovation Systems (AIS), we found that Technical Cooperation to transfer knowledge and expertise in agriculture in Haiti has been reasonably deficient without a reliable local innovation base system in the sector. Rare projects trying to develop that base, such as AREA, are still inadequate to the needs. As agricultural innovation in Haiti is still at a pre-planned phase, interventions from donors and national policy-makers first have to create a shared vision, build trust, and enhance the capacity of stakeholders to develop partnerships by emphasizing private sector involvement. Therefore, in fragile countries such as Haiti, development actors should explore more systemic decentralized triparty Innovation Platforms (IPs) allowing knowledge producers (universities, research institutes) to work with knowledge users (private companies, farmers’ associations, agricultural extensions organization), and knowledge managers (government entities) to respond to market opportunities. |
| Reference: | Adekunle, A. A., Ellis-Jones, J., Ajibefun, I., Nyikal, R. A., Bangali, S., Fatunbi, A. O., & Angé, A. (2013, June). Agricultural innovation in sub-Saharan Africa: Experiences from multiple stakeholder approaches. Accra, Ghana: Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA).
Aerni, P., Nichterlein, K., Rudgard, S., & Sonnino, A. (2015). Making agricultural innovation systems (AIS) work for development in tropical countries. Sustainability, 7(1), 831-850.
Agrawal, A. (1995). Dismantling the divide between indigenous and scientific knowledge. Development and Change, 26(3), 413-439.
Aguilar Meza, C. A. (2014). Guide de planification pour l’élaboration du plan d`investissements, conservation et entretien des routes (PICER). Port-au-Prince: Ministère des Travaux Publics Transports et Communications.
Albu, M. (1997). Technological learning and innovation in industrial clusters in the South.
Altbach, P. G., & Salmi, J. (Eds.). (2011). The road to academic excellence: The making of world-class research universities. The World Bank.
Anandajayasekeram, P. (2011). The role of agricultural R&D within the agricultural innovation systems framework. In Report Prepared for the ASTI/IFPRI-FARA Conference.
Anderson, R. E. (2008). Implications of the information and knowledge society for education. In International handbook of information technology in primary and secondary education (pp. 5-22). Springer, Boston, MA.
Arnold, E., & Bell, M. (2001). Some new ideas about research for development. Partnerships at the leading edge: A Danish vision for knowledge, research and development, 279-319.
Barth, F. (2002). An Anthropology of Knowledge. Current Anthropology, 43(1), 1-18
Benoit-Cattin, M. (2016). L’agriculture dans l’économie globale haïtienne : une vue d’ensemble. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 41-73
Birdsall, N. (2004). Seven Deadly Sins: Reflections on Donor Failings. Reform and Growth: Evaluating the World Bank Experience, 181.
Brady, H. E., Collier, D., & Seawright, J. (2004). Refocusing the discussion of methodology. In Rethinking social inquiry: Diverse tools, shared standards (pp. 3-20). Rowman and Littlefield.
Brinkley, I. (2006). Defining the knowledge economy. London: The work foundation, 19.
Bunders, J. F., Broerse, J. E., & Zweekhorst, M. B. (1999). The triple helix enriched with the user perspective: A view from Bangladesh. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 24(2-3), 235-246.
Buss, T. F. (2013). Foreign aid and the failure of state building in Haiti under the Duvaliers, Aristide, Préval, and Martelly (No. 2013/104). WIDER Working Paper.
Buss, T. F., & Gardner, A. (2005). Why Foreign Aid to Haiti Failed—and How to Do it Better Next Time. Foreign aid and foreign policy: Lessons for the next half-century, 173.
Carothers, T. (2010). Democracy support and development aid: The elusive synthesis. Journal of Democracy, 21(4), 12-26.
Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., DiCenso, A., Blythe, J., & Neville, A. J. (2014, September). The use of triangulation in qualitative research. In Oncology nursing forum (Vol. 41, No. 5).
Cherlet, J. (2014). Epistemic and technological determinism in development aid. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 39(6), 773-794.
Dallmayr, F. R. (2002). Globalization and inequality: a plea for global justice. International Studies Review, 4(2), 137-156
Dambisa, M. (2009). Dead aid: Why aid is not working and how there is a better way for Africa. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
De Salvo, C. P., Jacquet, B., Salazar., L., & al. (2017). Agricultural and Agroforestry Technological Innovation Program – PITAG. Retrieved from: https://www.gafspfund.org/sites/default/files/inline-files/PAD_Agricultural_and_Agroforestry_Technological_Innovation_Program_-PITAG_FINAL_approved.pdf
DEFI (2014). Proposition pour une politique de consolidation de la dimension recherche dans le système national d’innovation en agronomie et développement rural. Retrieved from : https://agritrop.cirad.fr/572502/1/document_572502.pdf
DEFI (2014a). Un business plan préliminaire de FONRED. In Marzin, J., Benoit-Cattin, M. (eds), Appui à la mise en œuvre de la politique de consolidation de la dimension Recherche du système d’innovation en agronomie et développement rural. DEFI, Livrable 2
DEFI (2014b). État des lieux de la bibliographie et questions de recherche. In Marzin, J., Benoit-Cattin, M. (eds), Appui à la mise en œuvre de la politique de consolidation de la dimension Recherche du système d’innovation en agronomie et développement rural. DEFI, Livrable 1
DHS (2012). Haiti 2012 Mortality, Morbidity, and Service Utilization Survey. Retrieved from: https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/SR199/SR199.eng.pdf
Diawara, M. (2000). Globalization, development politics and local knowledge. International Sociology, 15(2), 361-371.
Diaz, J., Schneider, R., & Mantal, P. S. (2012). Globalization as re‐traumatization: Rebuilding Haiti from the spirit up. Journal of Social Issues, 68(3), 493-513.
Drahos, P., & Braithwaite, J. (2017). Information feudalism: Who owns the knowledge economy. Routledge.
Dreher, A., Lang, V. F., & Ziaja, S. (2017). Foreign aid in areas of limited statehood.
Dumay, H. (2012). Haitian higher education, funding, and economic development: The missing links. Haiti Perspectives, 1(1), 29-36
Dzisah, J., & Etzkowitz, H. (2008). Triple helix circulation: the heart of innovation and development. International Journal of Technology Management & Sustainable Development, 7(2), 101-115
Easterly, W. (1999). How did highly indebted poor countries become highly indebted? Reviewing two decades of debt relief. The World Bank.
Easterly, W. (2003). Can foreign aid buy growth?. Journal of economic Perspectives, 17(3), 23-48.
Easterly, W. (2007). The white man`s burden: Why the West`s efforts to aid the rest have done so much ill and so little good. New York, N.Y: Penguin Books
Easterly, W. (2014). The tyranny of experts: Economists, dictators, and the forgotten rights of the poor. Basic Books.
Eberlei, W. (2007). Accountability in poverty reduction strategies: The role of empowerment and participation. Social Development Papers, 104.
Ekboir, J. M. (2003). Research and technology policies in innovation systems: zero tillage in Brazil. Research policy, 32(4), 573-586.
Escobar, A. (1999). The invention of development. Current History, 98(631), 382-386.
Fitriati, R., Rahmayanti, K. P., & Salomo, R. V. (2012). Critical review of triple helix to quanto-tuple helix: lesson learned from social security system act implementation. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 52, 217-225.
Freeman, C. (2002). Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems—complementarity and economic growth. Research policy, 31(2), 191-211.
Fréguin-Gresh, S., Razafimahefa, L., Pressoir, G., Dhaïti, L., Philius, R. (2016). Situation et dynamiques de l’agriculture en Haïti : proposition d’un outil d’analyse pour conceptualiser et cibler des interventions « sur mesure. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 196-247
Fuller-Wimbush, D. (2014). The Effectiveness of US Development Aid in Supporting Agriculture and Food Security in Haiti: A Case Study of USAID`s Haiti Feed the Future West/WINNER Project. Brandeis University, The Heller School for Social Policy and Management.
Fuller-Wimbush, D., & Aimé, C. F. (2014). Feed the Future Investment in Haiti: Implications for Sustainable Food Security and Poverty Reduction. Oxfam America. Retrieved from: https://assets.oxfamamerica.org/media/documents/USAIDs-AVANSE-Project-Haiti-Research-backgrounder-Oxfam.pdf
Gaddis, J. L. (1974). Was the Truman Doctrine a Real Turning Point?. Foreign Affairs, 52(2), 386-402.
Geromini, V., & Poitelon, T. (2016). Agriculture et capital naturel: enjeux de soutenabilité. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 129-168
Giordano, T. (2016). Diagnostic global de croissance et implications pour le secteur agricole. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 74-128
Giordano, T. (2016a). Flux financiers publics et privés vers l’agriculture. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 74-128
Godfrey, M., Sophal, C., Kato, T., Piseth, L. V., Dorina, P., Saravy, T., ... & Sovannarith, S. (2002). Technical assistance and capacity development in an aid-dependent economy: The experience of Cambodia. World Development, 30(3), 355-373.
Goldin, I., & Reinert, K. (2012). Globalization for development: Meeting new challenges. OUP Oxford.
Hall, A. (2005). Capacity development for agricultural biotechnology in developing countries: an innovation systems view of what it is and how to develop it. Journal of international development, 17(5), 611-630.
Hall, A. (2007). Challenges to strengthening agricultural innovation systems: where do we go from here?.
Hall, A., Mytelka, L., & Oyeyinka, B. (2005). Innovation systems: Implications for agricultural policy and practice.
Hancock, G. (1992). Lords of poverty: The power, prestige, and corruption of the international aid business. Atlantic Monthly Press.
Hansen, J. A., & Lehmann, M. (2006). Agents of change: universities as development hubs. Journal of Cleaner Production, 14(9-11), 820-829.
Harorimana Sr, D. (2012). Technical Assistance, Knowledge Gatekeeping and Indigenous Knowledge: Re-thinking the International Development Practice.
Harrison, A. (2006). Globalization and poverty (No. w12347). National Bureau of Economic Research.
Hay-Gibson, N. V. (2009). Interviews via VoIP: Benefits and disadvantages within a PhD study of SMEs. Library and Information Research, 33(105), 39-50.
Hounkonnou, D., Kossou, D., Kuyper, T. W., Leeuwis, C., Nederlof, E. S., Röling, N., ... & van Huis, A. (2012). An innovation systems approach to institutional change: smallholder development in West Africa. Agricultural systems, 108, 74-83.
Hüsken, T. (2010). Outside the whale: the contested life and work of development experts. Journal fürEntwicklungspolitik, 26(3).
IFAD (2018). Agricultural and Agroforestry Technological Innovation Programme (PITAG)-Final project design report-Main report and appendices. Retrieved from: https://operations.ifad.org/documents/654016/27a64d5e-a209-46ec-9145-c80de821ebd7
Intarakumnerd, P., Chairatana, P. A., & Tangchitpiboon, T. (2002). National innovation system in less successful developing countries: the case of Thailand. Research policy, 31(8-9), 1445-1457.
Jenson, D. (2010). The Writing of Disaster in Haiti: Signifying Cataclysm from Slave Revolution to Earthquake. Haiti Rising: Haitian History, Culture and the Earthquake of, 201.
Kanbur, Ravi (2001). Economic Policy, Distribution and Poverty: The Nature of Dis agreements. World Development 29, no. 6: 1083-94
Kim, H., Huang, M., Jin, F., Bodoff, D., Moon, J., & Choe, Y. C. (2012). Triple helix in the agricultural sector of Northeast Asian countries: a comparative study between Korea and China. Scientometrics, 90(1), 101-120.
King, K., McGrath, S. A., & McGrath, S. (2004). Knowledge for Development?: Comparing British, Japanese, Swedish and World Bank Aid. Zed Books.
Klerkx, L. W. A., Hall, A., & Leeuwis, C. (2009). Strengthening agricultural innovation capacity: are innovation brokers the answer? (No. 2009-019). UNU-MERIT.
Klerkx, L., & Leeuwis, C. (2009). Establishment and embedding of innovation brokers at different innovation system levels: Insights from the Dutch agricultural sector. Technological forecasting and social change, 76(6), 849-860.
Klerkx, L., Van Mierlo, B., & Leeuwis, C. (2012). Evolution of systems approaches to agricultural innovation: concepts, analysis and interventions. In Farming Systems Research into the 21st century: The new dynamic (pp. 457-483). Springer, Dordrecht.
Koch, S., & Weingart, P. (2016). The delusion of knowledge transfer: The impact of foreign aid experts on policy-making in South Africa and Tanzania.
Koch, S., & Weingart, P. (2016). The Delusion of Knowledge Transfer. African Minds.
Kristoff, M., & Panarelli, L. (2010). Haiti: A republic of NGOs?. In Peace brief (Vol. 23). United States Institute of Peace.
Kuramoto, J., & Sagasti, F. (2002). Integrating local and global knowledge, technology and production systems: challenges for technical cooperation. Science, Technology and Society, 7(2), 215-247.
Lensink, R., & White, H. (1999). Is there an aid Laffer curve? (No. 99/6). CREDIT Research Paper.
Leve, L., & Karim, L. (2001). Privatizing the state: ethnography of development, transnational capital, and NGOs. PoLAR, 24, 53.
Levy, J. S. (2008). Case studies: Types, designs, and logics of inference. Conflict management and peace science, 25(1), 1-18.
Littig, B. (2008, August). Interviews with the elite and with experts. Are there any differences?. In Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research (Vol. 9, No. 3).
Lopes, C. (2002). Should We Mind the Gap? In Capacity for Development: New Solutions to Old Problems, edited by Sakiko Fukuda-Parr, Carlos Lopes and Khalid Malik. New York/London: UNDP/Earthscan.
Lundahl, M. (2013). The political economy of disaster: Destitution, plunder and earthquake in Haiti (Vol. 61). Routledge.
Macintyre, B. (2010). The fault line in Haiti runs straight to France. The Sunday Times, 21.
Marginson, S. (2011). Imagining the global. Handbook on globalization and higher education, 10-39.
MARNDR (2011). Plan directeur de vulgarisation agricole (2011-2016) Version préliminaire. Retrieved from : https://agriculture.gouv.ht/view/01/IMG/pdf/Plan_directeur_de_vulgarisation_agricole_en_Hait-Version_finale_Mars_2011.pdf
MARNDR (2012). Inventaire des actions de recherche appliquée en cours en Haïti dans le domaine agricole- document de synthèse. Retrieved from : https://agriculture.gouv.ht/view/01/IMG/pdf/Inventaires_projet_defi.pdf
MARNDR (2016). Inventaire des innovations agricoles en Haïti. Retrieved from : https://agriculture.gouv.ht/view/01/IMG/pdf/rapport_final_janvier_2016._innovation_validation_version_de_septembre_2016.pdf
MARNDR (2017). HAITI : INNOVATIONS AGRICOLES – CLES. Retrieved from : https://agriculture.gouv.ht/view/01/IMG/pdf/innov_rapport_final__vfinale_avril_2018.pdf
Marzin, J. (2016). Renforcement du système d’innovation. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 333-382
McFarlane, C. (2006). Knowledge, learning and development: a post-rationalist approach. Progress in Development Studies, 6(4), 287-305.
McIntyre, D. (2005). Bridging the gap between research and practice. Cambridge Journal of Education, 35(3), 357-382.
Meuser, M., & Nagel, U. (2009). The expert interview and changes in knowledge production. In Interviewing experts (pp. 17-42). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Milton, S., & Barakat, S. (2016). Higher education as the catalyst of recovery in conflict-affected societies. Globalization, Societies and Education, 14(3), 403-421.
Monneuveux, P. (2018). Final Report: Technical Assistance to the Development of the Agricultural and Agroforestry Technological Innovation Program (PITAG). Retrieved from: https://www.fontagro.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/HA-L1107-Haiti.pdf
Mytelka, L. K. (2000). Local systems of innovation in a globalized world economy. Industry and innovation, 7(1), 15-32.
Nesbitt, F. N. T. (2008). Universal Emancipation: The Haitian Revolution and the Radical Enlightenment. University of Virginia Press.
OECD (2009). Monitoring the Fragile States Principles: Reflections on Issues of Capacity and Capacity Development. Retrieved from: https://www.oecd.org/countries/haiti/monitoringthefragilestatesprinciplesreflectionsonissuesofcapacityandcapacitydevelopment.htm
Pamuk, H., Bulte, E., & Adekunle, A. A. (2014). Do decentralized innovation systems promote agricultural technology adoption? Experimental evidence from Africa. Food Policy, 44, 227-236.
Patton, M. Q. (1999). Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis. Health services research, 34(5 Pt 2), 1189.
Paul, B. (2016). Le financement de l’innovation et de la productivité en milieu rural. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 383-419
Payen, J. (2016). Quelle politique d’investissement public pour les infrastructures rurales. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 493-554
Pedrosa-Garcia, J. A. (2017). Trends and Features of Research on Foreign Aid: A Literature Review.
PNIA (2016). Haiti : Plan National D`investissement Agricole (Pnia 2016-2021). Retrieved from : https://www.gafspfund.org/sites/default/files/inline-files/7.%20Haiti_Investment%20Plan.pdf
Potter, C., & Brough, R. (2004). Systemic capacity building: a hierarchy of needs. Health policy and planning, 19(5), 336-345.
Pressoir (2019). Quand va-t-on arrêter de détruire l’agriculture de ce pays ?. Retrieved from : https://lenouvelliste.com/article/202139/quand-va-t-on-arreter-de-detruire-lagriculture-de-ce-pays
Pressoir, G. (2016). Rôle de l’investissement dans l’enseignement supérieur et la recherche en agriculture. In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 420-442
Qian, N. (2015). Making progress on foreign aid. Annu. Rev. Econ., 7(1), 277-308.
Rajalahti, R., Janssen, W., & Pehu, E. (2008). Agricultural innovation systems: From diagnostics toward operational practices. Agriculture & Rural Development Department, World Bank.
Ramachandran, V., & Walz, J. (2015). Haiti: where has all the money gone?. Journal of Haitian Studies, 21(1), 26-65.
Ramalingam, B. (2013). Aid on the edge of chaos: rethinking international cooperation in a complex world. Oxford University Press
RGA (2012). Synthèse Nationale des Résultats du Récensement Général de L’agriculture (RGA). Retrieved : http://agriculture.gouv.ht/view/01/IMG/pdf/Resultats_RGA_National_05-11-12.pdf
Ribeiro, G. L. (2002). Power, Networks and Ideology in the Field of Development. In Capacity for Development: New Solutions to Old Problems, edited by Sakiko Fukuda-Parr, Carlos Lopes and Khalid Malik. New York/London: UNDP/Earthscan
Roberts, S. M., Jones Iii, J. P., & Fröhling, O. (2005). NGOs and the globalization of managerialism: A research framework. World development, 33(11), 1845-1864.
Roseboom, H. (2004). Adopting an agricultural innovation system perspective: implications for ASARECA’s strategy. ASARECA Strategic Planning Paper, 7, 14.
Roux, D. J., Rogers, K. H., Biggs, H., Ashton, P. J., & Sergeant, A. (2006). Bridging the science-management divide: Moving from unidirectional knowledge transfer to knowledge interfacing and sharing.
Samoff, J., & Stromquist, N. P. (2001). Managing knowledge and storing wisdom? New forms of foreign aid?. Development and Change, 32(4), 631-656.
Saravanan, R., & Suchiradipta, B. (2017). Agricultural Innovation Systems: Fostering Convergence for Extension. MANAGE Bulletin, 2.
Schuller, M. (2009). Gluing globalization: NGOs as intermediaries in Haiti. PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review, 32(1), 84-104.
Scott, Z. (2009). Southern perspectives on technical cooperation-analytical review and annotated bibliography.
Seawright, J., & Gerring, J. (2008). Case selection techniques in case study research: A menu of qualitative and quantitative options. Political research quarterly, 61(2), 294-308.
Singh, R. J., & Barton-Dock, M. (2015). Haiti: Toward a new narrative. World Bank.
Spielman, D. J. (2006). A critique of innovation systems perspectives on agricultural research in developing countries.
Stinchcombe, A. L. (1994). Class Conflict and Diplomacy: Haitian Isolation in the 19th-Century World System. Sociological Perspectives, 37(1), 1-23.
Theisohn, T. (2013). Ownership leadership and transformation: Can we do better for capacity development. Routledge.
Thorbecke, E. (2000). The evolution of the development doctrine and the role of foreign aid, 1950-2000. Foreign aid and development. Routledge.
Thurow, L. C. (2000). Globalization: The product of a knowledge-based economy. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 570(1), 19-31.
Tilak, J. B. G. (2002). Knowledge society, education and aid. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 32(3), 297-310.
Torres, R. M. (2001). Knowledge-based international aid: Do we want it, do we need it. Knowledge, research and international cooperation, 103-124.
USAID/Haiti (2015). PERFORMANCE EVALUATION USAID/Haiti: Feed the Future West/Watershed Initiative for National Natural Environmental Resources. Online: https://files.globalwaters.org/water-links-files/haiti-ftf-west-watershed-evaluation.pdf
Vathis, O. (2013). Aid effectiveness: A literature review. Jean Monnet Papers on Political Economy, 1, 2013.
Virji, H., Padgham, J., & Seipt, C. (2012). Capacity building to support knowledge systems for resilient development—approaches, actions, and needs. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 4(1), 115-121.
Vliet, G. (2016). Gouverner l’agriculture haïtienne autrement ? In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 587-612
Vliet, G., Fréguin Gresh, S., Giordano, T., Marzin, J., Pressoir, G. (2016). La problématique foncière telle qu`elle émerge de l`analyse du Recensement Général Agricole de 2010 : quels défis en termes de politiques publiques? In Vliet, G., Pressoir, G., Marzin, J., & Giordano, T., (eds.) Une étude exhaustive et stratégique du secteur agricole/rural haïtien et des investissements publics requis pour son développement. CIRAD, pp. 248-294
Werleigh, C. A. (2018). The Use of sanctions in Haiti: assessing the economic realities. In Economic Sanctions (pp. 161-171). Routledge.
William, M. (2016). «Appui à la recherche agricole et au développement en Haïti » de l`USAID: qui fait quoi, comment et pourquoi? Retrieved from : https://lenouvelliste.com/article/159057/appui-a-la-recherche-agricole-et-au-developpement-en-haiti-de-lusaid-qui-fait-quoi-comment-et-pourquoi
Wilson, G. (2007). Knowledge, innovation and re-inventing technical assistance for development. Progress in Development Studies, 7(3), 183-199.
Wilson, P. A. (1996). Empowerment: Community economic development from the inside out. Urban Studies, 33(4-5), 617-630.
World Bank (1998). World Development Report 1998/1999 : Knowledge for Development. New York: Oxford University Press. World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/5981
World Bank (2019). Agricultural Financing in Haiti : Diagnosis and Recommendations. Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group.
World Bank. (2006). Enhancing agricultural innovation: How to go beyond the strengthening of research systems. World Bank. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS)
107862007 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107862007 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| DOI: | 10.6814/NCCU202000523 |
| Appears in Collections: | [國際研究英語碩士學位學程] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Description |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 200701.pdf | | 2263Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 148 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
