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    題名: 用戶創作內容線上分享平台之著作權責任 ──── 歐盟數位單一市場著作權指令第17條之研究
    Copyright Responsibility of User-generated Content Online Service Providers － Study on Article 17 of EU Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market
    作者: 程之涵
    Cheng, Chih-Han
    貢獻者: 宋皇志
    Sung, Huang-Chih
    程之涵
    Cheng, Chih-Han
    關鍵詞: 價值差距
    數位單一市場著作權指令
    篩選器
    線上內容分享服務提供者
    向公眾傳播權
    Value gap
    Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market
    Filter
    Online content sharing service providers(OCSSP)
    The right of communication to the public
    日期: 2020
    上傳時間: 2020-03-02 11:36:03 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 過去歐盟為推廣電子商務發展，向單純連線、快速存取、資訊儲存服務之資訊社會服務提供者，提供一個責任責任避風港，使其免於為未能知悉或未能控制之資訊負責。隨著科技的發展，這些適用於責任避風港制度之服務提供者，逐漸發展出新的商業模式，藉由免費提供公眾管道接觸服務使用者上傳之內容，增加使用者數量，以吸引企業投放廣告賺取收益。由於服務提供者聲稱享有責任避風港條款的保護，造成即使利用權利人之著作或其他標的，卻不用向權利人支付任何報酬，此服務提供者與權利人利益分配不均的現象稱為「價值差距」。
    歐洲執委會為因應數位環境變遷，導致的價值差距問題，鼓吹數位單一市場著作權指令的立法。本文欲了解充滿爭議的第17條背後的立法考量，自適用對象、法定合作、監管措施等面向，將歐洲執委會、歐盟理事會、歐洲議會提出之指令提案版本，以及最終通過之版本，進行四方比較。
    本文認為數位單一市場著作權指令第17條，使用既簡潔又直接的手段，欲達成其立法目的。但該條文雖要求線上內容分享服務提供者，必須負擔直接侵權責任，卻未能顧及對現有網路環境造成的不利影響。而對權利人而言，法定合作的規定，雖未必能達到確保其獲得數位權利金收入之目的，但至少開啟了權利人與服務提供者對話的窗口。本文討論數位單一市場著作權指令第17條之優點及缺點，並提出如何改善其缺點之意見，向我國內容創作產業參與者建議利用著作與管理之策略，以期其面對價值差距問題時有可參考及解決之作法。
    For the purpose of encouraging the development of e-commerce, the e-commerce Directive established a liability exemption for service providers that provides mere conduit, caching, or hosting service. In light of the development of technology, internet service providers are offering new types of business models. They attracted traffics by making copyright-protected material or other subject-matter available on their services and are able to gain revenue from advertisers, based on the number of viewers of their services. By claiming they have immunity provided by safe harbor provisions, internet service providers refuse to pay any revenue to right holders for the use and enjoyment of the work. This kind of situation has come to be known as the ‘value gap’.
    In order to address the value gap problem, European Commission releases its new Proposal for a Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market. This study will analyse different positions of the European Commission, the European Parliament, the European Council, and the final Directive from different aspects including targeted services, authorising obligation, and regulatory mechanism.
    This study considers the European Union tries to close the value gap in a simple way. Although the Directive orders online content service providers directly liable for copyright infringement, it lacks consideration of the impact on current internet environment. As for authorising obligation, there is no promise that such obligation can guarantee increase in right holders’ digital royalty payouts, yet it provides a window of opportunity for right holders and service providers to start a conversation. After looking into the pros and cons of the Directive, this study will give suggestions on the use of copyright-protected work and management strategy for Taiwanese creative content industry players for them to deal with the value gap problem more properly.
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    科技管理與智慧財產研究所
    106364219
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106364219
    資料類型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202000213
    顯示於類別:[科技管理與智慧財產研究所] 學位論文

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