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    题名: 資訊志工計畫持續參與因素之探討─以資訊志工成員為例
    Intention to Participate Continually in Information Volunteers Project – The Information Volunteer Members
    作者: 林建良
    Lin, Chien-Liang
    贡献者: 姜國輝
    Chiang, Kuo-Huie
    林建良
    Lin, Chien-Liang
    关键词: 資訊志工計畫
    社會認同理論
    利他主義
    社會支持理論
    Information Volunteer Program
    Social identification theory
    Social support theory
    Altruism
    日期: 2019
    上传时间: 2020-03-02 11:00:06 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 資訊志工計畫最早是源至於臺灣教育部於2001年所提出的「縮減中小學城鄉數字落差」計畫時所推動的一個方針，其目的是希望鼓勵大專師生利用所學資訊科技的能力，積極的投入偏鄉來減少數位落差的產生，並投入資源來協助偏鄉地區改善資訊的使用與學習環境，促使提升師生的資訊素養的能力，並積極地培養具備社會實踐能力的青年，以解決偏 鄉既有的資訊教育資源不足之問題。
    本研究是以資訊志工團隊的志工成員為其研究對象，並探究在資訊志工團隊中服務超過一年以上的資訊志工為何會願意持續參與偏鄉資訊教育的服務，而透過以社會支持理論及社會認同理論的觀點，並依據過往的文獻彙整出主觀幸福感、利他主義以及個人成長等面向來進行探討。
    當然，除了探究整體資訊志工服務的面向的影響結果外，由於資訊志工主要是以服務偏鄉為本質，但在資訊志工團隊計畫亦將志工服務型態區分成教育面、社會面、經濟面、文化面等四個面向，因此本研究也將進一步分析四個面向所產生的統計影響。
    研究問卷的回收是透過研究者藉由自身曾擔任過資訊志工計畫領隊及副領隊的關係，懇請教育部資訊志工營運中心以及各大專院校資訊志工團隊協助發放，分析工具主要是採用SmartPLS 3.2.8版進行分析，透過分析之結果，提出以下之結果：
    首先，H1a假說的社會支持對於團隊認同在統計上並無顯著的差異、H1b假說的社會支援對於地方認同則有顯著且正向的影響關係、H2a假說的主觀幸福感對於團隊認同的結果上，則呈現顯著正向影響、H2b假說的主觀幸福感對地方認同的統計結果呈現顯著正向差異。其次，H3a假說的利他主義對於團隊認同具有顯著差異，但反之H3假說b的利他主義對於地方認同則沒統計上的差異，這部分隱含統計的意義在於個人或許想要幫助他人，但地方認同對於利他並沒有實質的關係，因為地方認同是對於環境或所在區域的認同，而非僅個人的利他角度。而在H4a及H4b假說的個人成長對於團隊認同與地方認同 兩個變項均具有統計上的顯著差異。第三，H5假說的團隊認同對於持續參與志工服務意願的結果是具有顯著的影響關係，H6假說的地方認同對於持續參與志工服務意願則呈現具有顯著正向的影響。最後，進一步本研究也分析不同面向的資訊志工成員的結果，發現各構面的因果關係均不同的顯著差異。
    根據結果本研究提出幾個建議，在資訊志工招募過程中，能夠找出真正在乎偏鄉的資訊志工成員，特別是在地化的志工就特別重要。因為每年資訊志工計畫，資訊志工的流動率一向很大；因此，能夠依照資訊志工計畫學校所服務的偏鄉去找出當地就讀該校的學生來投入偏鄉，相對地對於改變偏鄉的效果也會比其他非在地的資訊志工效果更好。第二，由於教育部資訊志工計畫是偏鄉資訊服務推動很重要的一環，因此，後續如何能夠提高志工們的黏著度，有一個很重要的觀點就是在於志工參與活動的過程。社會支持度高相對的志工們願意長期投入的意願也會提高，這也是未來教育部資訊志工計畫領隊們需要思考的問題，如何能夠強化資訊志工本身的社會支持性，對於未來推動資訊志工活動也能有其幫助。
    The Information Volunteer Program was originally a policy promoted by Taiwan’s Ministry of Education in 2001 to reduce the digital gap between primary and secondary schools in urban and rural areas. It aims to encourage college teachers and students to make use of the information technology capabilities they have learned, actively invest in rural areas to reduce the digital gap, and invest resources to assist rural areas in improving the use and learning environment of information technology, improve teachers` and students` information literacy, and actively cultivate young people with social practice capabilities, thereby solving the problem of insufficient information education resources in rural areas.
    This study took volunteer members of the information volunteer team as the research object and explored why information volunteers who had served on the information volunteer team for more than one year were willing to continue participating in the service of information education in rural areas. Discussion was held through the perspectives of social support theory and social identification theory, and subjective well-being, altruism, and personal growth were summarized based on previous literature.
    Of course, in addition to exploring the impact of the aspects of the overall information volunteer service, because information volunteers are mainly based on serving rural areas, the information volunteer team program also divides volunteer service types into the four aspects of educational aspects, social aspects, economic aspects, and cultural aspects, therefore this study further analyzed the statistical impact of the four aspects.
    The researcher previously acted as the former leader and vice leader of the volunteer team program, therefore the researcher made use of favorable conditions to request the assistance of the information volunteer operation center of the Ministry of Education and the information volunteer teams of various colleges and universities in the distribution of questionnaires. SmartPLS version 3.2.8 was used as the analysis tool. Based on the analysis results, the following results were proposed:
    Firstly, H1a`s social support had no significant statistical difference in team identification, H1b`s social support had a significant and positive impact on local identification, and H2a`s subjective well-being had a significant positive effect on the results of team identification. H2b`s subjective well-being had significant positive differences in the statistical results of place identification. Secondly, H3a`s altruism had a significant difference in team identification, but H3b`s altruism had no statistical difference in place identification. The significance of this was that individuals might want to help others, but local identification has no substantial relationship to altruism, because local identification is the identification of the environment or the area, not just the personal altruistic perspective. In H4a and H4b, personal growth had statistically significant differences between the two variables of team identification and local identification. Thirdly, H5`s team identification had a significant impact on the result of continued willingness to participate in volunteer service, and H6`s local identification had a significant positive impact on the willingness to continue participating in volunteer service. Finally, this study also analyzed the results of different aspects of information-oriented volunteer members, and a significant difference was found in the causality of each aspect.
    The study proposed several suggestions based on the results. In the process of recruiting information volunteers, it is important to find information volunteers who really care about rural areas, especially regarding localized volunteers. Information volunteer mobility has always been high because of the annual information volunteer program; therefore, if local students are studying in rural schools according to the Information Volunteer Program School, it will be relatively more effective to use local volunteers in changing rural areas than such non-local volunteers. Second, since the Information Volunteer Program of the Ministry of Education is an important part of the promotion of information services in rural areas, an important way to improve the stickiness of volunteers in the future lies in the process of volunteer participation. Volunteers with a high social support degree will also have an increased long-term investment willingness. This is also a question that the leaders of the Information Volunteer Program of the Ministry of Education need to think about in the future. The findings will also help strengthen the social support of the information volunteers themselves and help promote information volunteer activities in the future.
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