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Title:	東亞近世思想交流中概念的類型及其移動 On the Typology and Movement of Ideas in the Intellectual Exchange in East Asia (17^(th) -20^(th) Century)
Authors:	黃俊傑
Contributors:	東亞觀念史集刊
Keywords:	東亞;道;仁政;中國;湯武革命
Date:	2016-06
Issue Date:	2019-11-20 15:50:48 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本文探討近三百年來的東亞思想交流中，起源於中國之不同類型的概念與移入地的本土因素之間的協商與衝突。本文第二節討論東亞思想交流史中概念接受者的主體性問題。在東亞思想交流史中，概念的接受者的「主體性」，正是展現在與外來思想衝突、協商、融攝的過程當中。而在「接受者主體性」照映之下，源自境外的概念的移動，常是經過「挪用」（appropriation）、「新詮」（re-interpretation）兩種調整方式，同時進行、同步完成。第三節以東亞思想交流史所見的四個概念：「道」、「仁政」、「中國」、「湯武革命」作為具體例證，分析概念的類型及其移動之效應，指出在東亞思想交流中，概念之「普遍性」（universality）愈高者，愈容易被異域人士所接受，並易於融入異時異地之文化氛圍與異域人士之思想脈絡。反之，概念之「特殊性」（particularity）愈高者，愈容易受到傳入地知識分子之排斥，愈難融入傳入地之文化或政治氛圍。本文第四節提出三點結論。第一，概念一旦形成，就取得了自主性的生命及移動的能力，而在思想交流活動中，隨「時」更化、與「時」俱進，因「地」制宜。第二，從東亞思想交流經驗觀之，概念的移動必經移入地的「中介人物」（intermediate agents）的主體性的照映、篩選、重組、新詮，才能完成其新生命的轉化。第三，我們應將概念在各地的發展，置於各地的特殊條件或語境中加以理解，視為各地文化主體性成長的過程。 This article discusses the interaction of ideas, foreign and indigenous, in the intellectual exchanges within East Asia in the recent three hundred years. Section Two analyzes the issues involved in the subjectivity of the recipients of the foreign ideas. We indicate that the approaches of appropriation and re-interpretation were employed to make the foreign ideas more congenial to the receiving homeland. Section Three takes four concepts, namely, Dao, Benevolent Governance, China, and Revolution of Tang and Wu, as examples to illustrate the fact that the more universal the concepts were, the easier it was for them to be accepted by foreign thinkers. On the contrary, the more particular the concepts were, the easier it was for them to be rejected by the thinkers in the foreign countries. This article proposes three conclusions. First, the concepts develop their own autonomy once they are articulated. Secondly, the transmission of ideas or concepts have to be screened, adapted, re-organized, or re interpreted by the intermediate agents of cultural interaction. Thirdly, we have to contextualize the development to ideas or concepts in foreign lands in the particular cultural ambiance. It is fruitful that we regard the development of imported ideas or concepts as the process of growth of the cultural subjectivity of a given country.
Relation:	東亞觀念史集刊, 10, 3-25
Data Type:	article
Appears in Collections:	[Journal of the History of Ideas in East Asia] Journal Article

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