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    Title: 臺灣平均餘命與所得的關聯性
    The association between income and life expectancy in Taiwan
    Authors: 曹家齊
    Tsao, Chia-Chi
    Contributors: 連賢明
    曹家齊
    Tsao, Chia-Chi
    Keywords: 平均餘命
    所得
    健康不平等
    Life expectancy
    Income
    Health inequality
    Date: 2019
    Issue Date: 2019-10-03 17:20:36 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 　　無論是國與國之間或是各國內部皆可觀察到區域性的健康程度差異，健康不平等不但會影響個人所得及壽命，更會加重國家經濟負擔、降低國家競爭力，因此貧富不均與健康不平等一直是各國關注的議題，而過去有研究指出當所得愈高，平均餘命就會愈高。因此本文以平均餘命作為健康的衡量指標，探討所得不均對健康不平等的影響，分析所得和平均餘命之間的關聯性。
    　　本文使用財政資訊中心個人資料檔和2004年至2014年的所得大檔，參考Chetty et al. (2016)中估計平均餘命的方法，按照家戶所得將 40~71 歲之男女之樣本分別分成 100 等分，並依照性別和所得百分位分別估計各百分位之平均餘命。研究結果發現，所得和平均餘命呈正相關；男性最高和最低所得百分位之平均餘命差距大於女性，且所得對男性平均餘命的效果高於女性。和美國相比，我國之平均餘命較美國略高，推論由於我國全民健康保險適用於所有國民，因此有助於提升我國人民之平均餘命。
    　　再進一步估計臺灣四個行政區域及六都之平均餘命，發現平均餘命呈現北高南低、西高東低之現象，且最低所得分位平均餘命之差異度皆大於其他所得分位；然而各地區高所得分位之平均餘命差異程度不大，因此推論我國各地區之平均餘命差距並非由各地區不同所得分位的平均餘命差異累積而成，而是因為各地區最低所得分位的平均餘命差異程度較大所導致之結果。
    　　Regional differences in health can be observed between countries and within countries. Health inequality will not only affect personal income and longevity, but also increase the national economic burden and reduce national competitiveness. Health inequality has always been an issue to all countries. Literatures have found that the higher the income, the higher the life expectancy. Therefore, this article uses the life expectancy as a proxy of health, explores the impact of income inequality on health inequality, and analyzes the correlation between income and life expectancy.
    The research uses the personal data and the income data from 2004 to 2014 of FIA, calculating the life expectancy by the estimating method of Chetty et al. (2016). Dividing the sample of male and female aged 40-71 into 100 equal parts on the basis of household income, then estimates the life expectancy of each income percentile and gender separately. The research found that income was positively correlated with the life expectancy. The difference of life expectancy between the highest and lowest income percentile of men was greater than that of women, and the effect on the life expectancy of men was stronger than that of women. Compared with the United States, the life expectancy of Taiwan is slightly higher. Since National Health Insurance of Taiwan is applicable to all nationals, it’s helpful to reinforce Taiwanese life expectancy.
    　　Furthermore, estimating the life expectancy of the four administrative regions and the six most urbanized cities in Taiwan. The results show that the life expectancy is higher in the north and west, and lower in the south and east. The difference in the life expectancy of the lowest income quartile is larger than that of other income quartiles. The difference in the life expectancy among the high income quartiles is small. Therefore, the difference in the life expectancy among regions of Taiwan is not accumulated by the diversity of the life expectancy in each income quartile among regions. It is due to the large gap of the life expectancy among the lowest income quartile in each region.
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    財政學系
    106255006
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106255006
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU201901177
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Public Finance] Theses

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