政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/126049
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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/126049


    Title: 西燕政權結構、戰略目標與其興衰關係－以立國初期（西元三八四－三八六）為研究中心
    The Political Structure, Strategic Aims, and the Relations between the Rise and Decline of the Xi-yan 西燕 Regime: From the Perspective of Its Early Years since Its Establishment, 384-386 A.D
    Authors: 張正田
    Zhang, Zheng-Tian
    Contributors: 政大史粹
    Keywords: 西燕;前秦;十六國;鮮卑;慕容;河東
    Xi-yan;Qian-yan;Shiliuguo;Political structure
    Date: 2004-06
    Issue Date: 2019-09-10 09:43:10 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 西燕為五胡十六國時期華北諸政權之一，其立國初期由慕容泓、沖兄弟藉淝水戰後前秦出現統治危機時，起事於河東、平陽一帶以復國，並直搗前秦核心區關中，與苻堅數戰，頗多勝績，極居復國優勢。然何以喪失此機，反而不過十年國祚而速亡？實耐人尋味。本文擬對西燕立國之初之政權結構、國家戰略目標、社會背景之關係，探討其立國基礎不穩定之因。其中關於慕容泓起事地點，史料為「關東」，本文將詳細考證其乃「河東」之誤。西燕初期國家戰略目標以西進關中，營救前燕幽帝暐及滯關中鮮卑族為主，本文稱為「西進時期」。後沖殺泓自立，持續此政策，但因在關中殺戮過當不得人心等因素，為西燕其他系勢力所殺，這些勢力傾向東歸前燕立國之關東故地，國策改向東歸，本文稱為「東歸時期」。但此時卻政變頻仍，為何如此？本文亦將討論其因素，其中滯關中鮮卑人有三十餘萬是一因也，此為龐大的現實既得利益，主張東歸之各系勢力為搶奪此一數量龐大、卻可能未有縱系社會組織之散眾，反而對為數已不到十萬之西燕軍團之權力結構，有一定程度之衝擊，這也是「東歸時期」各系勢力爭權傾軋，最後為疏房支之慕容永獲得最終大權之因素之一。本文時間段限以「西進」、「東歸」兩時期約兩、三年間為主。以上各面向內部矛盾，正是西燕不得在關中成功復國之因。至於慕容永定都上黨長子後之史，則暫不論。
    Relation: 政大史粹, 6, 1-60
    Data Type: article
    Appears in Collections:[Collectanea of History NCCU] Journal Articles

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