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Title: | 序數邊際效用理論: 公共財數量變動對商品需求的影響 The Effect of the Public Goods on the Demand of Commodity in the Ordinal Marginal Utility Theory |
Authors: | 王琪瑛 Wang, Chi-Ying |
Contributors: | 林忠正 Lin, Chung-Cheng 王琪瑛 Wang, Chi-Ying |
Keywords: | 公共財 序數邊際效用理論 Public goods The ordinal marginal utility theory |
Date: | 2019 |
Issue Date: | 2019-09-05 17:10:58 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 現今經濟學理論中關於公共財的分析,大部份以探討如何找尋最適公共財的數量為主,然而公共財在日常生活中隨處可見且與民眾息息相關,倘若一項公共財的數量發生改變,可以預期消費者此時或許會產生不同的心理評價,進而做出不同的私有商品購買決策。據此,除了找出最適公共財的提供外,研究公共財對於人們商品購買決策的影響是本文認為同樣重要且基本的一項經濟議題。
本文以經濟學的理論發展揭開序幕,彙總整理當今經濟理論(極大化序數總效用理論與極大化基數總效用理論)以及新理論(序數邊際效用理論)之下各自主張的概念,接著透過當前的經濟理論與序數邊際效用理論進行分析與對照,探討公共財數量變動對私有商品需求的影響。研究結果顯示,當前以極大化總效用為架構的經濟理論,序數總效用理論無法採用邊際效用遞減法則與總效用交叉微分項正負號的概念,而基數總效用理論特殊的效用可衡量性質,在真實世界成立的機率很小。反觀以林忠正所提倡的序數邊際效用理論分析法,不僅修正了當前經濟理論的缺陷且在分析上更具有一般性,是一個較合理的經濟理論。 In current economic theory, most of the analysis of public goods focus on how to find the optimum quantity of public goods. However, public goods can be seen everywhere in daily life and are closely related to the people. If the optimum quantity of public goods changes, consumers can be expected to have different psychological evaluations at this time, and then make different consumption decision. Therefore, in addition to finding the optimum quantity of public goods, studying the impact of public goods on consumption decision of private goods is an equally important and fundamental economic issue.
This paper uses the ordinal total utility theory, the cardinal total utility theory and the ordinal marginal utility theory (the new theory) to explore the impact of the public goods on the demand of private commodity. The results of the study show that under the framework of maximizing total utility theory, the ordinal utility theory cannot adopt the concept of the law of diminishing marginal utility and the total utility cross-differential term, and besides, the special utility measurable properties of the cardinal utility theory is almost impossible to be established in real life. In contrast to the ordinal marginal utility theory which is advocated by Chung-Cheng Lin, it can not only correct the defects of the current economic theory but is more general in analysis. In other words, the ordinal marginal utility theory is a more reasonable economic theory. |
Reference: | 王舒齡 (2008),異質性偏好與地方公共財之最適提供水準,國立政治大學。 林忠正 (2015a),〈序數與基數效用理論簡史I:為何陷入兩難困境的效用理論必須重建?〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路:跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(1),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2015b),〈序數與基數效用理論簡史II:為何陷入兩難困境的效用理論必須重建?〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路:跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(2),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2015c),〈邊際效用遞減法則在序數與基數效用理論中的角色:難覓合適棲身之地的邊際效用遞減法則〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路:跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(3),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2015d),〈為何Marshall需求理論必須被擺進經濟學歷史博物館?(II):Marshall的「邊際需求價格」模型與古典效用可衡量概念的意義〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路:跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(5),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2015e),〈跨界的「得」與「失」的序數邊際效用分析法:完成序數效用革命理論的誕生(修正稿)〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路:跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(7b),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2017a),〈季節性商品的需求理論I:極大化總效用模型的無能之處〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路:跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(57),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2017b),〈季節性商品的需求理論II:序數邊際效用分析法的季節性商品基本模型〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路:跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(58b),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2018a),〈如何得到古典效用函數:隨身攜帶著一把標準效用單位的尺到處丈量〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路,跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(第109號文章),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2018b),〈什麼是序數總效用理論?一隻新怪獸:「正向單調轉換」究竟隱含什麼效用可測量性的意義〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路,跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(第110號文章),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2018c),〈什麼是基數總效用理論?另一隻新怪獸:「正向線性轉換」究竟隱含什麼效用可測量性的意義〉,邁向需求理論的再次重建之路,跨界得與失的序數邊際效用分析法(第111號文章),台灣經濟學會研討論文。 林忠正 (2019),《極大化總效用理論的世界觀:一種國王新衣等級的理論》,未發表專書。 許純嘉(2016),台北微笑單車Ubike使用行為及偏好之研究,國立虎尾科技大學。 連德宏(2000),不確定下最適公共財之提供,國立政治大學。 陳佳鈴(2007),租稅歸宿與最適公共財提供條件-租稅競爭模型,國立政治大學。 陳佑貞(2017),序數邊際效用理論:附加價值稅變動對商品需求量的影響,國立政治大學。 Bernardelli, H. (1952), “A Rehabilitation of the Classical Theory of Marginal Utility,” Economica, 19:75, 254-268. Edgeworth, F.Y. (1881), Mathematical Psychics: An Essay on the Application of Mathematics to the Moral Sciences, London: Kegan Paul. Hicks, J.R. (1939), Value and Capital: An Inquiry into Some Fundamental Principles of Economic Theory, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Hicks, J.R. and R.G.D. Allen (1934), “A Reconsideration of the Theory of Value,” Economica, NS, 1:52-76, 196-219. Johnson, W.E. (1913), “The Pure Theory of Utility Curves,” The Economic Journal, 483-513. Lin, C.C. and S.S. Peng (forthcoming), “The Role of Diminishing Marginal Utility in the Ordinal and Cardinal Utility Theories,” Australian Economic Papers. Marshall, A. (1920), Principles of Economics: An Introductory Volume, London; New York: Macmillan for the Royal Economic Society. Pareto, V. (1909/1971), Manual of Political Economy, New York: Kelley. Pigou, A.C., (1947), Public Finance, Nacmilian, London. Rosen, Harvey S. (2005), Public Finance, New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Samuelson, P.A. (1938), “The Numerical Representation of Ordered Classifications and the Concept of Utility,” Review of Economic Studies, 6, 65-70. Samuelson, P.A. (1954), "The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure," Review of Economics Statistics, Vol.36, 387-389. Slutsky, E. (1915/1952), “Sulla Teoria del Bilancio del Consumatore,” Giornale degli economisti e rivista di statistica, vol. 51, 1-26; translated by O. Ragusa as “On the Theory of the Budget of the Consumer” in G. J. Stigler and K. E. Boulding, eds., Readings in Price Theory, Homewood, Ill.: Irwin (1952), 27-56. Tiebout, Charles M. (1956), “A Pure Theory of Local Expenditures,” Journal of Political Economy, 64, 416-424. |
Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 財政學系 106255016 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106255016 |
Data Type: | thesis |
DOI: | 10.6814/NCCU201900931 |
Appears in Collections: | [財政學系] 學位論文
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