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    題名: 畜產品有機驗證基準之法制研究—以維護動物福祉為中心
    A legal Research On Organic Certification Standards of Livestock - Centering On Maintaining Animal Welfare
    作者: 陳廣祐
    Chen, Kuang-Yo
    貢獻者: 傅玲靜
    Fu, Ling-Ching
    陳廣祐
    Chen, Kuang-Yo
    關鍵詞: 有機畜牧
    高水準動物福祉
    驗證制度
    驗證基準
    授權明確性
    規範密度
    Organic animal husbandry
    High level of animal welfare
    Certification system
    Certification standard
    The principle of the explicit delegation
    Normative density
    日期: 2019
    上傳時間: 2019-09-05 16:20:54 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 自1940年代起,有機農業成為對抗慣行農業之生產方法,其中有機畜牧關注到動物福祉之問題。若畜牧措施同時考量到動物情緒狀態、動物健康以及動物自然生活狀態之良好生存條件三要素,則可被稱之為高水準之動物福祉,而注重生態、公平、謹慎、健康之有機畜牧措施合致於此三要素,因此屬於高水準之動物福祉。
    為在有機農業中維護動福祉,須依賴消費者、生產者以及國家三方合作,準此,使用認證、驗證、稽查、驗證基準之制定以及有機標示與標章之制度,確保驗證機構、生產者與消費者皆能發揮其各自之力量維護動物福祉。惟此驗證制度本身亦可能遭遇驗證機構未忠實執行業務、生產者未誠實依有機方式生產,驗證基準之標準明確性不足以及標準未與一般法規範分級之問題。
    歐盟、美國與我國之有機農業法制皆以驗證制度維護動物福祉,並分別回應上述問題。我國之動物福祉驗證基準原則上符合高水準之動物福祉,但我國之有機農業促進法與依本法所授權之動物福祉驗證基準之間產生斷裂,母法授權之意旨不明,導致動物福祉驗證基準可能增加母法所無之限制。除此之外,雖原則上符合高水準之動物福祉,惟仍有少部分之規範闕漏導致規範密度不足,而無法達到高水準動物福祉。
    Since the 1960s, organic ariculture has become a method of production against conventional agriculture, and organic animal husbandry is concerned with animal welfare. If the animal husbandry measure takes into account the three elements of good living conditions of livestock, affective state, health, and the natural living conditions of animals at the same time, it can be called the high level of animal welfare. Organic animal husbandry measures focus on ecology, fairness, caution, and health of animal, which are eaqual to the high level of animal welfare.
    For the purpose of maintaining animal welfare in organic agriculture, it needs the cooperation of consumers, producers, and nation. Therefore, the certification system which including the accreditation, certification, auditing, certification standard, organic labeling and logo is used to achieve the goal of maintaining high level of animal welfare. However, the certification system itself may also encounter problems, such as the certification body fails to faithfully execute the business, the producer doesn’t produce with the organic agricultural method, the standard of the certification is insufficiently clear, and the standard doesn’t make a difference with the general law.
    Taiwan`s organic animal welfare certification standard is in principle consistent with high level of animal welfare, but there is a gap between Organic Agriculture Promotion Act and the animal welfare certification standard delegated by this Act. The intention of delegation of this Act is unknown, as a result, the animal welfare certification standard may increase the restrictions that are not in the Act. In addition, although in principle, the animal welfare certification standard meets the high level of animal welfare, but there are still a small part of normative leaks leading to insufficient density.
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    (五)歐洲法院判決
    Oeuvre d’assistance aux bêtes d’abattoirs (OABA) v Ministre de l`Agriculture et de l`Alimentation and Others.Case C-497/17. ECLI identifier: ECLI:EU:C:2019:137.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    法律學系
    104651046
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104651046
    資料類型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU201900711
    顯示於類別:[法律學系] 學位論文

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