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    Title: 跨境電子商務交易所得稅課徵之研究
    Research on the Income taxation of cross-border Electronic Commerce Transaction
    Authors: 葉宣含
    Ye, Xuan-Han
    Contributors: 盧聯生
    葉宣含
    Ye, Xuan-Han
    Keywords: 電子商務
    跨境電子商務
    所得稅
    Uber
    Facebook
    e-commerce
    cross-border e-commerce
    income tax
    Uber
    Facebook
    Date: 2018
    Issue Date: 2019-09-05 15:40:07 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 隨著網際網路的發展,透過電子商務平台購買商品或勞務之交易日趨成長,交易不再以有形存在為必要條件,導致企業無須於所得來源國設立任何分支機構,也可以完成銷售。因此,經濟合作暨發展組織(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development,OECD)發布「稅基侵蝕與利潤移轉行動計畫方案」(Base Erosion and Profit Shifting,BEPS)中的行動計畫1:數位經濟下面臨的稅收挑戰,提及用「數位化存在」取代傳統「常設機構」之概念,而後,各國為因應此種新興交易模式,就稅制進行調整與檢討。
    將跨境電子商務交易納入課稅範圍已經為全球趨勢,而目前我國於105年12月28日公布修正營業稅法,而所得稅的部分,財政部在107年1月2日發布「外國營利事業跨境銷售電子勞務課徵所得稅規定」,是為我國跨境電商所得稅法的新制。本文擬以文獻探討法、比較研究法及個案分析法,分析OECD與我國現行所得稅課徵規定進行彙總及比較,並進一步分析適合我國的課徵方式,再以國際知名的跨境電商業者Uber及Facebook進行個案研究,最後針對我國現行稅制提出改善與建議。
    With the development of the Internet, transactions through the e-commerce platform to purchase goods or services are growing, and transactions are no longer necessary for tangible existence, resulting in companies not having to set up any branches in the source countries to complete sales. Therefore, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) issued a plan for action in the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS): the tax challenges faced in the digital economy refers to the concept of replacing the traditional "permanent institution" with "digital existence". Then, countries adjust and review the tax system in response to this emerging trading model.
    The inclusion of cross-border e-commerce transactions in the scope of taxation has become a global trend. At present, Taiwan announced the revised business tax act on December 28, 2016, and the Ministry of Finance issued the "Income Tax Regulations for the Cross-Border Sales of Electronic Service for Foreign Companies" on January 2, 2018. This regulation is a new system for cross-border e-commerce income tax law in Taiwan. This study intends to use document analysis method, comparative research method and case study method to analyze the OECD and Taiwan`s current income tax regulations to summarize and compare, and further analyze the appropriate levy method for Taiwan, and then carry out case studies with internationally renowned cross-border e-commerce companies Uber and Facebook, and finally propose improvements and suggestions for Taiwan`s current tax system.
    Reference: 一、中文部分
    專書
    朱海城,電子商務概論與前瞻,基峯, 2016年7月
    李慶章,電子商務及企業電子化特訓教材,碁峯, 013年1月
    陳彩凰、丁傳倫、林嘉彥、李婉榕、陳慧玲、廖月波、丁英泰,寫給臺大會計系的國際租稅課隨堂筆記,安侯企業管理股份有限公司,2017年8月
    劉文良,電子商務雲端時代Electronic Commerce,碁峯,2015年12月

    期刊
    林宜賢,跨境電子商務國際課稅方式與我國稅制發展建議,財稅研究,第43卷,第1期,頁121-25,2014年1月。
    范書華、黃惠貞、林凊伃,跨境電商銷售電子勞務所得稅課稅規範及未來修法方向探討,稅務旬刊第2368期:28-32。
    張芷、游雅絜、鍾振東,網路交易課徵營業稅之研究,財稅研究,第45卷第1期,頁87-94,2016年1月。
    張書瑋,2016,網路勞務交易,跨境電商告別免稅,會計研究月刊371期(10月):56-75。
    黃士洲,2016,我國如何面對BEPS最終報告建議-以跨境電商稅務挑戰為主,財稅研究,第 45 卷第 4期:16-36。
    黃士洲,2016,BEPS 現況與未來-結論建議、政策衝擊與執行步驟,財稅研究,第 45 卷第 4期:1-15。
    黃書瑜,2017,網路交易課稅議題之探討,財稅研究,第 46 卷第 4期:20-38。
    黃智聰、張敏蕾、潘俊男、陳光宇,2016,網路交易課徵所得稅之研究,財稅研究,第 45 卷第 2期:71-105。
    黃勝義,跨境電商之營業稅及營所稅課稅規定,稅務旬刊第2373期:27-30。

    論文
    邱祥榮,2002,電子商務課徵加值型營業稅之探析,國立臺灣大學法律學研究所碩士論文。
    呂靜慧,2015,論跨國電子商務交易之課稅問題,私立東吳大學法律學系碩士論文。
    林旻靖,2017,跨境墊子勞務交易營業稅課徵之研究,國立政治大學會計學系碩士論文。
    林聖慧,2017,跨境電子商務交易課徵所得稅之研究,私立東吳大學法律學系碩士論文。

    研討會
    黃士洲(2017 年11 月)。跨境電商稅務分析-營業稅與營所稅觀點。2017年「財經新趨勢國際研討會」暨第16屆北商大學術論壇稅制發展趨勢-國際反避稅實務與當前租稅議題,國立臺北商業大學。

    網站
    Chris,臉書已伸橄欖枝,但國稅局跳針,其他跨境電商 20% 稅依舊無解,https://www.inside.com.tw/2018/03/29/who-should-pay-tax-facebook,最後閱覽日:2018/6/21
    程明修,跨境電商課稅議題 以Uber為例,http://myweb.scu.edu.tw/~muenster/105115.pdf,最後閱覽日:2018/6/21
    曾博昇,數位經濟課稅 四大暫時性措施成趨勢,https://www.pwc.tw/zh/news/media/media-20180323-2.html,最後閱覽日:2018/6/21
    維基百科,優步,https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E6%AD%A5,最後閱覽日:2018/6/21
    聯合新聞網,花51元臉書登廣告 國稅局約談,https://udn.com/news/story/11316/2955014,最後閱覽日:2018/6/21

    二、英文部分
    OECD. 2015. Addressing the Tax Challenges of the Digital, Action 1 – 2015 Final Report, OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project.
    OECD. 2017. Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital, CONDENSED VERSION.
    UN. 2011. United Nations Model Double Taxation Convention between Developed and Developing Countries.
    Marcel Olbert. 2017. International taxation in the digital economy : challenge accepted?
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    會計學系
    105353113
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105353113
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU201901046
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Accounting] Theses

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