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| Title: | 威爾基˙柯林斯小說中的法律與正義
Law and Justice in Wilkie Collins’s Novels |
| Authors: | 藍文玲
Lan, Wen-lin |
| Contributors: | 邱彥彬
Chiou, Yen-bin
藍文玲
Lan, Wen-lin |
| Keywords: | 威爾基˙柯林斯
法律
正義
喬治˙阿岡本
Wilkie Collins
Law
Justice
Giorgio Agamben |
| Date: | 2019 |
| Issue Date: | 2019-09-05 15:35:16 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 威爾基˙柯林斯在正式成為小說家前，曾在林肯律師學院(Lincoln’s Inn)學習法律，雖然一生從未執業，但法律之於個人生活的特殊聯繫，在許多他著名的小說中都有所描繪。柯林斯的作品大多被歸類為十九世紀中期廣受歡迎卻又「惡名昭彰」的「奇情小說」(sensation fiction)，該文類中違反法律的犯罪經常是營造故事刺激感的重要元素之一，然而柯林斯的小說不僅止於書寫犯罪詭計或懸案，而是點破了犯罪如何藏身在合法的外衣下、法律如何把人推上犯罪的道路。不同於維多利亞時代對法律的觀點，甚至不同於柯林斯本人對法律仍持有的一定信心，小說所揭露的其實是法律或許保障了一定的秩序，但那個秩序和人所期待的真相與正義不必然相關。即使法律無意保障「好人」，整體而言，柯林斯的小說依然結束在傳統「好結局」的氛圍中。不再企圖倚仗法律保障的「好結局」即是對正義的想像：人若在與法律的聯繫中感受到了不義，如何透過自身的回應，找到正義之可能，進而實現一種「好」的境況。
為闡述法律之根源與運作，除援引十九世紀法律文獻，本論文亦根據義大利哲學家喬治˙阿岡本(Giorgio Agamben)的思想試圖進一步解析小說中法律所造成的問題。法律理想面的破滅，正是喬治˙阿岡本(Giorgio Agamben)檢視納粹集中營、「例外狀態」等等高壓統治環境後的發現，根據阿岡本本人的觀點，不僅只有在歷史上特殊的高壓統治下，法律與正義間的脫鉤是一種治理(government)的普遍狀態。如果正如阿岡本所說，人一旦「遭遇」(encounter)法律，即會感受到柯林斯小說中那種因法律而產生的不義，而人的掙扎或反抗則是在尋回脫鉤而去的正義之可能。
Being trained in Lincoln’s Inn but never putting his learning in practice, Wilkie Collins portrays the problematic relationship between the law and individual life in many of his well-known novels. His novels are usually classified into the “scandalous” genre of sensation fiction, which often includes criminal plots to stimulate readers’ “sensation” and reached its peak in the mid-nineteenth century. Also including criminal intrigues or behaviors though, Collins’s novels go further: his novels expose how some crimes are wrapped in legality and how the individuals with a legally underprivileged status tend to commit crimes. Distinct from the Victorian belief and perhaps the novelist’s own belief, the law intends to maintain social order, but the order is not necessarily related to truth or justice. While the innocent or the good cannot depend on the legal guarantee of truth and justice anymore, Collins’s novels still end in happy or hopeful endings most of the time. A new imagination about justice stems from such happy or hopeful endings: when the law loses its teleological association with truth and justice, human beings have to search for the possibility of justice through their responses to the injustice happening in the relationship between the law and individual lives.
To unfold the foundation and functioning of the law through the juridical defects represented in Wilkie Collins’s novels, this dissertation refers to not only some juridical literature in the nineteenth century but also the studies of the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben. The law’s broken teleological association with truth and justice is exactly Agamben’s discovery when he investigates the legally problematic instances, like concentration camps and the state of exception, in human history. According to Agamben, the legally problematic instances do not stand for eerie perversion, but the ubiquitous situation of government. If so, the injustice due to juridical defects in Collins’s novels would be generally felt once a human being encounters the law, and human responses to the injustice are endeavors to disclose a possibility of justice. |
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| Description: | 博士
國立政治大學
英國語文學系
101551503 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101551503 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| DOI: | 10.6814/NCCU201900688 |
| Appears in Collections: | [英國語文學系] 學位論文
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