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    题名: 世界銀行與中國的對話:減貧議題之分析
    Dialogue between World Bank and China: An Analysis of Poverty Reduction
    作者: 林宜諼
    Lin, Yi-Hsuan
    贡献者: 鄧中堅
    Teng, Chung-Chian
    林宜諼
    Lin, Yi-Hsuan
    关键词: 世界銀行
    中國
    減貧
    建構主義
    Poverty Reduction
    日期: 2019
    上传时间: 2019-02-12 15:55:25 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 1944年,由美國與英國主導的布列敦森林會議(Bretton Woods Conference),是二戰後最重要的國際會議之一,國際復興開發銀行(International Bank of Reconstruction and Development,後以世界銀行為世所知)的創設是該會議最重要的成果。世界銀行作為國際政治最重要的國際組織之一,在各個議題都具領導性,減貧(Poverty Reduction)是組織當前重要的宗旨之一。中國自改革開放以來,成功使國內7億餘人脫離極端貧窮狀態,抗貧成果斐然,儘管如此,至今仍有約3000萬的貧困人口,是貧困人口數最多的國家之一。綜合世界銀行的重要性,與中國在貧窮議題上的特殊定位,筆者欲以減貧為主軸,探析世界銀行在此議題對中國所產生的影響。

    在本文中,筆者以建構主義作為分析之框架,主要以社會建構主義學者芬尼莫爾(Martha Finnemore)於著作《國際社會中的國家利益》(National Interests In International Society)中之為基礎,在該書中,芬尼莫爾以三個實際例子解釋國際組織如何成為國家社會化的驅動者,使國家接受新的規範與價值,甚至改變了對自身利益的認定。本研究同樣強調國際組織的能動性,透過建構主義對規範的框架,檢證世界銀行如何使減貧議題成為國際規範。

    研究中,筆者以西南扶貧項目、秦巴山區扶貧項目兩個世界銀行與中國合作的減貧計畫,發現世界銀行在知識、制度層面,透過知識性框架與實務經驗,成為中國扶貧之路上不可或缺的一股力量。
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    新聞資料
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    二、中文
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    王雲東。《社會研究方法》。臺灣:揚智,2016。
    包宗和。《國際關係理論》。台北:五南圖書,2011。
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    宋學文、陳文政。〈能動者與結構: 在本體論分析層次上的爭論〉。《問題與研究》。第51卷1期(2012):頁1-35。
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    郭雪真。〈聯合國「主權保護責任」與「人道軍事干預」規範的社會建構:建構主義的觀點〉。《政治科學論叢》。第62期(2014):頁79-113。
    彭曉琴、唐波、徐一、歐之福、楊昌敏、陳興毅。〈關於四川秦巴山區扶貧開發工作的思考〉。《四川農業與農基》。第1期(2018):頁45-47。
    劉瑩,〈中國西南扶貧世行貸款項目實施效果評價〉,北京:華北電力大學技術經濟及管理碩士論文,2009。
    新聞資料
    余天娥,〈1994年陝西「五七」扶貧攻堅計畫開始實施〉,陝西日報,2018年9月28日,http://esb.sxdaily.com.cn/sxrb/20180928/html/page_03_content_002.htm(2018年11月16日讀取)。
    李雲龍,〈習近平扶貧論述指導脫貧攻堅偉大實踐〉,中國評論新聞網,2018年8月21日,http://hk.crntt.com/doc/1051/6/4/4/105164470.html?coluid=93&kindid=15733&docid=105164470(2018年11月15日讀取)。
    汪三貴,〈中國扶貧在治理結構方面面臨的主要挑戰〉,中國網,107年11月16日,http://big5.china.com.cn/chinese/zhuanti/zgfp/1047601.htm
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    唐麗霞、高明、劉升、羅江月、刑成舉、楊亮承、殷浩棟,〈宣戰2020——中國扶貧報告〉,鳳凰新媒體,2016年10月17日,https://pit.ifeng.com/report/special/zgfpbg/chapter7.shtml(2018年12月10日讀取)。
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    外交學系
    105253015
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105253015
    数据类型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/THE.NCCU.DIP.002.2019.F09
    显示于类别:[外交學系] 學位論文

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