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    Title: 我國自用住宅土地重購退稅之研究
    The Sutdy on Land Value Increment Tax Refund for Repurchase of Self-use Residential Land
    Authors: 林雅真
    Lin, Ya-Jen
    Contributors: 黃明聖
    Huang, Ming-Sheng
    林雅真
    Lin, Ya-Jen
    Keywords: 重購退稅
    自用住宅土地
    土地增值稅
    Land value increment tax refund
    Self-use Residential land
    Land value increment tax
    Date: 2018
    Issue Date: 2018-08-27 15:02:15 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 我國針對個人出售自用住宅土地,於2年內再購買自用住宅土地,可適用重購退稅規定,實施至今已40年。個人出售土地,尚需負擔10%~40%稅率之土地增值稅,但重購退稅政策卻可將出售土地已納之土地增值稅退回,產生經濟弱勢者與經濟能力高者二者租稅效果不同的不公平現象。本文採用臺北市核准重購退稅資料進行分析及對現制探討,分析整體環境等相關因素對重購退稅的影響。
    實證結果發現,重購退稅導致地方政府稅課收入減少情形較一生一屋多,租稅利益集中少數人享有,租稅損失由地方政府負擔。重購地價與出售地價差額、公告現值調整幅度愈大及每戶平均支配所得愈高,享受重購退稅金額愈多。放款利率高低負向影響重購退稅金額多寡。大島指數愈高,所得分配愈不平均,重購退稅金額愈多,退回已繳土地增值稅愈多、愈不公平。不同行政區顯示重購退稅差異情形,影響重購退稅金額情形各有不同,退稅效果集中較繁榮行政區,郊區行政區退稅效果相對低,節稅效果差異大。2016年的房地合一政策實施當年,有效抑制重購退稅金額。
    It has been more than 40 years that the Taiwan government grants individuals land value increment tax (“LVIT”) refund provided the reacquisition of residential land is incurred within 2 years following the previous residential land sale (hereafter referred to as “LVIT refund”). Individuals selling lands in Taiwan are generally subject to 10% - 40% LVIT, and yet under this particular LVIT refund policy it could result in discrepant and unfair tax consequences between economically disadvantaged and those with higher economic capacity. The intention of this report is to analyze and discuss the impacts of the aforesaid policy using data pulled from Taipei municipal approved LVIT refunds, with an emphasis on the impacts of the overall economic environment to the refunds.
    The empirical results showed: compared with “one house for a lifetime” regime, LVIT refund policy led to more tax losses by the local government; relevant tax benefits were enjoyed narrowly by a small number of people while tax losses were borne by local government; the greater the difference between the repurchased land price and the selling price/the government assessed value on the previous land sale, as well as the higher the disposable income of a household, the greater amount of the LVIT refunds; base rates and the amount of the LVIT refund were inversely correlated; Oshima Index and the more distorted income distribution, the greater the amount of LVIT refunds, which further caused unfairness even more; the variance in relocation capacity of people living in different districts led to differences in the amount of LVIT refunds and tax saving effects; and joint tax on building and land sales has efficiently reduced LVIT refunds granted.
    Reference: 一、中文文獻
    王進祥(1999),「淺論土地增值稅之重購退稅(三)」,《現代財政》,第213期,頁12-14。
    李彗綾(2008),「土地增值稅自用住宅用地優惠稅率與重購退稅並存之探討」,《商業現代化學刊》,第4卷4期,頁121-133。
    柯格鐘(2016),「論稅捐正義的追尋:從憲法平等原則到稅法量能課稅原則的路徑」,《臺大法學論叢》,第45卷特刊,頁1229-1304。
    故鄉市場調查股份有限公司(2017),「中華民國104年住宅狀況抽樣調查報告」,《內政部營建署委託研究報告》。台北:內政部營建署。
    施燕(2014),「台灣房市泡沫的挑戰」,2014年2月21日,取自:https://m.ctee.com.tw/dailynews/20140221/a06aa6/498986/d0047680d404cf870b0b1db98d187b2c?t=tpp,(瀏覽日期20180520)。
    徐偉初、歐俊男、謝文盛(2015),《財政學》,第4版,臺北:華泰文化事業股份有限公司。
    陳金圍(2006),《我國自用住宅用地土地增值稅優惠稅率之研究~以適用要件為中心》,銘傳大學法律學系碩士班論文。
    康秋桂(2014),「土地徵收補償市價查估與公告土地現值查估制度分析」,《土地問題研究季刊》,第13卷2期,頁20-31。
    黃明聖、黃淑惠(2017),《租稅法規—理論與實務》,第8版,臺北:五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
    黃淑惠、黃明聖、林元興(2010),「土地增值稅與資本利得稅之比較研究」,《臺灣土地研究》,第13卷2期,頁59-78。
    屠美亞、黃耀輝﹙2014﹚,「不動產特銷稅有效性之實證研究:對短期交易與所得的衝擊」,《住宅學報》,第23卷2期,頁1-20。
    曾巨威(2007),「自宅用地優惠要改就乾脆改得更徹底」,2007年8月3日,取自:http://www.npf.org.tw/printfriendly/2758,(瀏覽日期20171215)。
    顏愛靜、林秋瑾(2007),《適用土地增值稅自用住宅用地優惠稅率次數限制之研究》,財政部委託研究計畫(編號:PG9607-0146)。台北:財政部。
    蘇建榮(2014),《健全不動產稅制之研究》,財政部委託研究計畫(編號:RG10312-0585)。台北:財政部。

    二、網站資料
    內政部統計處網站,http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/index.aspx
    中央銀行網站,https://www.cbc.gov.tw/
    中華民國統計資訊網,https://www.stat.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=4
    立法院法律系統,http://lis.ly.gov.tw/lglawc/lglawkm
    司法院法學資料檢索系統,http://jirs.judicial.gov.tw/Index.htm
    財政部網站,http://www.mof.gov.tw/
    臺北市政府主計處網站,http://dbas.gov.taipei/
    臺北市政府地政局網站,https://land.gov.taipei/
    臺北市稅捐稽徵處網站,https://tpctax.gov.taipei/
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    行政管理碩士學程
    105921050
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105921050
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/THE.NCCU.MEPA.042.2018.F09
    Appears in Collections:[Master for Eminent Public Administrators] Theses

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