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    题名: 導向技術改變的三個議題
    Three essays on directed technical change
    作者: 黃偉奇
    Huang, Wei-Chi
    贡献者: 賴景昌
    Lai, Ching-Chong
    黃偉奇
    Huang, Wei-Chi
    关键词: R&D
    技能偏向的技術改變
    工資不均度
    R&D
    Skill-biased technical change
    Wage inequality
    日期: 2018
    上传时间: 2018-08-10 10:51:12 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 由於近期有關工資不均度的研究在文獻上引發熱烈的討論，本論文有系統的利用導向的技術改變模型(directed technical change)為基礎，試圖檢視影響經濟體系工資不均度變化的原因。在第二章，基於既有文獻鮮少考量貨幣政策對於工資不均度的影響，因此我們將兩部門R&D投資需要現金付現的特色引入導向的技術改變模型，並發現寬鬆的貨幣政策將降低經濟成長率並有助於改善工資不均度。第三章我們則是建立一個具有工會特色的導向的技術改變模型，我們發現工會談判力提高對於工資不均度的影響取決於兩個部分。首先，是工會的型態為就業面向(employment-oriented)或工資面向(wage-oriented)。其次，若工會談判力提高使得經濟體系發生技能偏向的技術改變(skill-biased technical change)，此時須視技能偏向的技術改變效果與相對勞動供給的效果相對大小而定。第四章我們則是建立一個兩國的導向的技術改變模型，其中一國為已開發國家，一國為開發中國家。為了能捕捉實證發現近年來開發中國家與已開發國家工資不均度均惡化的狀況，我們試圖從開發中國家的智慧財產權保護政策的角度出發，並發現開發中國家的智慧財產權保護政策有可能導致經濟體系發生技能偏向的技術改變，進而造成兩國的工資不均度皆惡化。
    This dissertation constructs three distinct models of directed technical change and uses them to examine the possible factors that are able to govern economic growth and wage inequality. Chapter 2 sets up a directed technical change featuring cash-in-advance constraints on innovative investment in both R&D sectors and shows that monetary expansion would depress economic growth and lower wage inequality. Chapter 3 builds up a directed technical change model featuring trade union and examines how unionization affects wage inequality. It is found that the effect of unionization on wage inequality crucially depend on two factors. The first is whether the type of union is employment-oriented or wage-oriented. The second is whether the strength of skill-biased technical change exceeds or falls short of the of the relative labor supply effect if skill-biased technical change is present. Chapter 4 constructs a two-country directed change model featuring imitation in the developing country. It is found that a decline in the imitation rate in the developing country may lead to the emergence of skill-biased technical change in the developed country, and this tends to increase both country’s wage inequality.
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    描述: 博士
    國立政治大學
    經濟學系
    99258506
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0992585061
    数据类型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/DIS.NCCU.ECONO.016.2018.F06
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