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    Title: 創新擴散之研究-—以綜合所得稅健保卡報稅為例
    A study on the innovation diffusion of idividual income tax e-filing via National Health Insurance card
    Authors: 陳鳳如
    Chen, Fon-Ju
    Contributors: 黃慶堂
    Huang, Chin-Tang
    陳鳳如
    Chen, Fon-Ju
    Keywords: 創新擴散
    綜合所得稅
    健保卡報稅
    Innovation diffusion
    Individual income tax
    E-filing via National Health Insurance card (NHI card)
    Date: 2018
    Issue Date: 2018-07-03 17:33:59 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 綜合所得稅網路報稅為我國電子化政府極度重視之稅務應用便民服務,亦為每年民眾體驗行政革新有感服務的契機。2014年所得稅憑單無紙化後,為減少未辦理自然人憑證或金融憑證的民眾皆須赴國稅局排隊查詢報稅資料困擾,財政部於2016年推出以人手一卡的「健保卡」為創新加值的網路報稅憑證新選擇。推行以來,全國健保卡報稅占網路申報件數比率由2016年之14.48%增加為2017年的24.45%(同時期臺北市分別為11.59%及19.52%),已略見擴散效應。惟臺北市民眾為全國家戶連網率及電子化政府利用率最高之都會型城市,但健保卡報稅之擴散效果反而低於全國,此為本研究主要動機與目的。
    本研究透過文獻分析以創新擴散理論與信任及安全要素建立研究架構,運用問卷調查法及深度訪談法探討臺北市民眾及私部門納稅義務人之基本屬性與報稅經驗對健保卡報稅的創新決策接受過程、創新認知屬性(相對優勢、相容性、易用性、可試用性及可觀察性)、信任及安全性、宣傳溝通管道看法與影響,並提出改進建議。
      研究結果發現:(1)目前和潛在使用者在創新決策接受過程、信任及安全性、宣傳溝通管道變項皆具有顯著差異,目前使用者正向肯定均優於潛在使用者;(2)教育程度高低,對知不知道有健保卡報稅這項創新措施的認知存有差異,教育程度高者較早知道有此項措施;(3)大眾傳播媒體的宣傳效果優於人際溝通及網際網路管道,而網際網路為民眾了解怎麼使用健保卡報稅的最重要管道,但人際溝通管道是使用者決定採用的最具影響力因素。
      本研究建議:(1) 規劃免讀卡機網路身分安全認證機制;(2) 強化健保卡報稅安全性,並加強宣導安全機制,進一步朝向個人化數位服務發展;(3)提供健保卡註冊教學影片及健保卡報稅懶人包,運用公私協力持續精進報稅系統,提升操作介面友善性及易用性;(4)提升健保卡網路服務註冊易用性及多元加值運用相容性;(5)多加運用大眾傳播及E化媒體與各領域關鍵意見領袖口碑宣傳,發揮跨機關協力,並提升國稅局推廣人員溝通說服技巧;(6)提高健保卡報稅抽獎及贈品激勵誘因;(7)運用智能客服機器人提供線上互動諮詢服務平台。(8)深耕網路報稅租稅教育,教會民眾自行申報免跑國稅局報稅,以達成網路報稅真正簡政、便民目標。
    The online filing of individual income tax is one of the most highly-emphasized policies providing added convenience to the public under Taiwan’s e-government efforts. It also provides an opportunity for the public to experience administrative innovation every year. After the 2014 income tax vouchers have been reduced to paperless, in order to reduce the number of people who have not applied for Citizen Digital Certificate or Financial Certificate, they are required to go to the IRS to queuing for tax returns. The Ministry of Finance introduced a new value-added option of using the National Health Insurance Card (NHI card) as a certificate for online tax filing in 2016. Since implementation, the percentage of users filing tax using NHI card as certification nationwide is 14.48% in 2016 to 24.45% in 2017 (at the same time, Taipei City was 11.59% and 19.52% respectively), which has already seen a proliferation effect. However, the citizens of Taipei are the metropolitan cities with the highest household internet penetration rate and e-government service utilization rate, but the diffusion effect of NHI card is lower than that of the whole country. This is the main motivation and purpose of this study.
     This research establishes a research framework based on Innovation Diffusion Theory, diffusion, trust, and security elements through literature analysis. It uses questionnaires and in-depth interviews to explore the basic attributes of taxpayers in Taipei and the private sector and the experience of tax returns in the innovative decision-making on NHI card ; innovation awareness attribute (comparative advantage, compatibility, simplicity, testability, and observability); reliability and safety, and promotion channels.
     The study found that: (1) The current and potential users have significant differences in the process of acceptance of innovation decisions, trust and security, and communication and communication channels. At present, users are definitely positive and are better than potential users; (2) education level is a determinant on whether individuals now about this innovative policy, where those with higher degree of education know about the process at an earlier date; (3) The mass media’s publicity is better than interpersonal communication and the Internet. While the Internet emerges as the most important channel for individuals to learn how to file taxes with NHI cards, social networks are the predominant factor in influencing individuals to take advantage of this policy.
     This study suggests that: (1) Plan for a card reader network identity authentication mechanism; (2) Strengthen the health insurance card tax payment security, and strengthen the declaration and security mechanism to further develop personalized digital services; (3) Provide NHI card Register teaching videos and tax laziness packages, and use public-private partnerships to continue to improve the tax filing system to improve ease of use and friendliness; (4) To increase the ease of use of registration of NHI card network services and the compatibility of multiple value-added applications; (5) Make use of mass media and E-media and key opinion leaders in various fields to publicize word-of-mouth to promote cross-organizational cooperation and improve the communication skills of the IRS facilitators; (6) Raise NHI card and incentives for gift incentives; (7) Use Smart Customer Service Robot provides an online interactive consulting service platform. (8) Deeply cultivating taxpayer education for taxpayers on the Internet and teaching the churches to declare themselves free of taxation by the State Tax Bureau in order to achieve the goal of realizing the benefits of Internet tax returns.
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    行政管理碩士學程
    105921003
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105921003
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/THE.NCCU.MEPA.003.2018.F09
    Appears in Collections:[行政管理碩士學程(MEPA)] 學位論文

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