政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/115064
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文筆數/總筆數 : 114401/145431 (79%)
造訪人次 : 53130911      線上人數 : 1047
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜尋範圍 查詢小技巧：
  • 您可在西文檢索詞彙前後加上"雙引號"，以獲取較精準的檢索結果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜尋，建議至進階搜尋限定作者欄位，可獲得較完整資料
    •  進階搜尋


    請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/115064


    題名: 社會生活中的非人道或侮辱處遇——《歐洲人權公約》第3條適用問題
    作者: 翁燕菁
    貢獻者: 政治學系
    關鍵詞: 非人道或侮辱處遇;歐洲人權公約;人性尊嚴;水平效力;禁止歧視
    inhuman or degrading treatments;European Convention on Human Rights;human dignity;horizontal effect;prohibition of discrimination.
    日期: 2013
    上傳時間: 2017-12-08 14:46:59 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 《歐洲人權公約》第3條禁止酷刑、非人道或侮辱處罰或待遇，具有絕對性，不保留任何裁量空間。然而在界定系爭事實是否達到第3條管轄範圍之「最低嚴重性」時，比例原則審查仍然適用。歐洲人權法院運用動態解釋，逐漸延展公約第3條保障範疇，而不限於古典意義的酷刑。 另方面，除了傳統的垂直效力外，歐洲人權法院也透過兒少保護肯定公約第3條具有水平效力，適用於私人行為，同時從公約第3條參照公約第1條發展出國家保護弱勢之積極義務。此一絕對保障下的積極義務，包含「盡其能事」原則。 歐洲人權公約保障體系雖然相對並不強調弱勢類型的認定，惟近十餘年來歐洲人權法院的比較法，日益重視國際人權保障趨勢的整合。除藉公約第14條禁止恣意差別待遇外，更藉重國際或歐洲機構、甚至非政府組織的報告，視個案啟動公約第3條，責成國家對系統性歧視與暴力行為之預防、調查與處罰義務。以種族歧視為例，若足以懷疑暴力含有種族動機，國家即有義務詳加調查，不得輕易視為一般暴力行為。 關於公約第3條介入傳統公約第8條保障領域的前提，相對於人性尊嚴，或許對格外弱勢者系統性歧視作為的存在更顯關鍵。終究，與人性尊嚴高度相關的生死與貧困問題，公約第3條似乎仍顯無能為力。
    The article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights prohibits torture, inhuman or degrading punishments or treatments, providing absolute protection without leaving any latitude. Nevertheless, while accessing whether an alleged fact reaches “a minimum level of severity” where Article 3 applies, there still goes a proportionality review. Through its famous dynamic interpretation, the European Court of Human Rights steadily extends the protection of Article 3 beyond the classical definition of torture. On the other hand, beyond the traditional vertical effect, the European Court of Human Rights has recognized the horizontal effect of Article 3 in its early jurisprudence on minor protection from acts of individuals. Read in conjunction with Article 1 of the Convention, Article 3 makes the States Parties accountable for protecting vulnerable persons. This positive obligation under an absolute provision includes the principle of “due diligence”. The system of protection under the European Convention on Human Rights has not been accurate on categorising vulnerable groups of individuals, but, since more than ten years, the comparatist approach of the Court incorporates increasingly the international tendency of human rights protection. Integrating sources from international or European institutions, including observations from NGOs, the Court may apply Article 3 in cases regarding systematic discriminatory practices as to require States Parties to fulfil their positive obligation of prevention, investigation and punishment. Cases raising serious concerns over racial discrimination can be demonstrating examples: as long as racial discrimination seems to have motivated the disputed violence, States Parties must take it serious and proceed to effective investigation. Concerning the key to activate the absolute protection of Article 3 in ratione materiae traditionally falling within the ambit of Article 8, the existence of systematic practices based on discrimination against particular vulnerable groups of persons seems to be more important than a pure question of human dignity. At last but not least, questions highly relevant to human dignity, for instance living or dying in dignity or extreme poverty, have not yet found their way to be covered by this absolute protection.
    關聯: 執行起迄：2013/08/01~2014/10/31
    102-2410-H-004-232
    資料類型: report
    顯示於類別:[政治學系] 國科會研究計畫

    文件中的檔案:

    檔案 描述 大小格式瀏覽次數
    102-2410-H-004-232.pdf1190KbAdobe PDF2383檢視/開啟


    在政大典藏中所有的資料項目都受到原著作權保護.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回饋