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政大機構典藏 > 社會科學學院 > 亞太研究英語博/碩士學位學程(IDAS/IMAS) > 學位論文 > Item 140.119/111868

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題名:	電視審判 : 為何中共讓嫌疑犯在電視招供? Trial by TV : Why is China broadcasting televised confessions of suspects?
作者:	黛娜 Gardner, Dinah
貢獻者:	王韻 Wang, Yun 黛娜 Dinah Gardner
關鍵詞:	電視認罪中國人權逼供鎮壓合法性合法化 Televised confessions Chinese human rights Forced confessions Repression Legitimacy Legitimation
日期:	2017
上傳時間:	2017-08-10 10:16:34 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本論文將研究在2013年習近平主席上任不到幾個月以來，並在中國共產黨不斷承諾要改善國家法治的情況下，中國為何在國家電視台上開始播出犯罪嫌疑人的電視認罪。這些電視認罪的播出引起了來自海外的廣泛譴責，從某種程度上在國內也受到了批評，因為電視認罪的播出被視為國家非法壓迫人的手段，並被認為是在重演當年毛澤東時代不公正的批判鬥爭行為。本論文是第一項對這種新侵權行為的系統研究，並試圖填補該研究領域的空白。本作者通過採訪在電視上曾經認罪過的人發現許多電視認罪是有“表演”色彩，往往犯罪嫌疑人被迫“背台詞”、穿著特定的服裝、在攝像頭面前“演戲”等。這表明國家在利用電視認罪來達到某種特定的目的。作者對90個2013年至2016年之間播出的電視認罪進行了分析並發現認罪者當局故意讓嫌疑人感到恥辱來強調他們有罪，使用嫌疑人認罪時所使用的話來牽連他人或貶低他人，以支持中共的這種行為並對於來自國外批評的聲音做出回應。本論文借用François Bourricaud （1987年）對合法性的概念作為一種活躍的合法化進程以表明中國新的電視認罪行為不只是簡單的進行壓迫的工具，而更多是一種強制性推動共產黨合法性的戲劇表演。 This study asks why China started broadcasting confessions of suspects on national television in 2013, just months after the accession of President Xi Jinping, and despite the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP’s) repeated promises to improve the country’s rule of law. The broadcasts have triggered widespread condemnation overseas, and to a lesser extent at home, for being illegal, another example of state repression, and resembling the unjust public struggle sessions of the Mao era. This thesis attempts to fill a gap in scholarship and provide the first systematic study of this new and understudied human rights violation. Interviews conducted with those who had confessed on television revealed that many are “show” confessions, where the suspect is made to memorise “lines,” get in “costume,” and “act” in front of the camera, indicating that they are “produced” for a specific purpose. In addition, an analysis of 90 confessions aired between 2013 and 2016 revealed that deliberate efforts were made to shame the confessor, emphasize their guilt, and use the words of their confession to incriminate and denigrate others, promote support for the CCP and its actions and respond to outside criticism. Borrowing François Bourricaud’s (1987) concept of legitimacy as a dynamic process of legitimation, China’s new televised confessions can be seen as much more than simply another tool of repression, rather they are acts of forced theatre aimed at furthering CCP legitimacy.
參考文獻:	Abrahamian, E. (1999). Tortured confessions: prisons and public recantations in modern Iran. Berkeley: University of California Press Amnesty International. (2015). China: No end in sight – torture and forced confessions in China. Retrieved from https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/ASA17/2730/2015/en/ Appleby, S.C., Hasel L.E., & Kassin, S.M. (2013). Police-induced confessions: an empirical analysis of their content and impact. Psychology, Crime & Law, 19(2), 111–12 Bandurski, D. (2015, March 30). Fifty shades of Xi. China Media Project. Retrieved from http://cmp.hku.hk/2015/03/30/fifty-shades-of-xi/ Bandurski, D. (2016, July 15). The Mea Culpa Machine. Retrieved from https://medium.com/china-media-project/the-mea-culpa-machine-a40a12f65f98 Belkin, I. (2013). China’s tortuous path toward ending torture in criminal investigations In McConville, M., Pils, E. (Eds). Comparative Perspectives on Criminal Justice in China (pp. 91-117). Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing. Biderman, A. D. (1957). Communist Attempts to Elicit False Confessions from Air Force Prisoners of War. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 33(9), 616–625. Birks, M., & Mills, J. (2015). Grounded theory: a practical guide. Los Angeles: Sage. Bourricaud, B. (1987). Legitimacy and legitimization, Current Sociology 35(2). Chinese Human Rights Defenders (2017). They Target My Human Rights Work as a Crime”: Annual Report on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders in China (2016). Retrieved from https://www.nchrd.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/annual-report.pdf Cohen, J.A. (2016a, January 26). The Peter Dahlin Case: Shock, Awe and Mystery Retrieved from http://www.jeromecohen.net/jerrys-blog/2016/1/26/the-peter-dahlin-case-shock-awe-and-mysetery?rq=confession Cohen, J.A. (2016b, August 2). Non-release “release” of human rights activists and their confessions. Retrieved from http://www.jeromecohen.net/jerrys-blog/2016/8/2/non-release-release-of-human-rights-activists-and-their-confessions Cohen, J.A. (2016c, 3 August). More on rights lawyer Wang Yu’s “confession and release” and China’s revival of “brainwashing” practice. Retrieved from www.jeromecohen.net/jerrys-blog/2016/8/3/more-on-rights-lawyer-wang-yus-confession-and-release-and-chinas-revival-of-brainwashing-practice Cohen, J., Pils, E. (2010). China`s Criminal Justice and Chongqing`s Anti-triad Campaign: Law v. Practice. Retrieved from http://www.cfr.org/china/chinas-criminal-justice-chongqings-anti-triad-campaign-law-v-practice/p22923 Conner, A.W. (2000). True Confessions? Chinese confessions: then and now In Turner, K.G., Feinerman, J.V., & Guy, R.K. (Eds.). The limits of the rule of law in China (pp. 132-162). Seattle: University of Washington Press Dickson, B. J. (2016). The dictator`s dilemma: The Chinese Communist Party`s strategy for survival. New York: Oxford University Press Fiskesjö, M. (2016, November 14). TV Tears Made of Fear: Anatomy of the Spectacle of Power on Display in China’s Forced Confession. [Video File]. Retrieved from https://vimeo.com/194054432 He, J & He, R. (2013). Wrongful convictions and tortured confessions: empirical studies in mainland China in McConville, M, Pils, E. (Eds) Comparative Perspectives on Criminal Justice in China (p. 81) Human Rights Watch (2017, 7 July). China: On “709” Anniversary, Legal Crackdown Continues. Retrieved from https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/07/07/china-709-anniversary-legal-crackdown-continues Kassin, S.M., Sukel, H. (1997). Coerced Confessions and the Jury: An Experimental Text of the “Harmless Error” Rule. Law and Human Behavior, 21(1) Kennedy, J.J. (2009). Maintaining Popular Support for the Chinese Communist Party: The Influence of Education and the State-Controlled Media. Political Studies, 57 Lam, W.W. (2016, September 13). Beijing contradicts ‘rule of law’ campaign in crackdown. Retrieved from https://jamestown.org/program/beijing-contradicts-rule-of-law-campaign-in-crackdown/ Lam, W.K. (2017, 3 May). Written statement of Lam Wing-kee. Retrieved from https://www.cecc.gov/sites/chinacommission.house.gov/files/CECC%20Hearing%20-%203May17%20-%20Hong%20Kong%20-%20Lam%20Wing%20Kee.pdf Lifton, R.J. (1963). Thought reform and the psychology of totalism. New York: The Norton Library. Liu. S., Liang, L. & Halliday, T.C. (2014). The Trial of Li Zhuang: Chinese Lawyers’ Collective Action against Populism. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 1(1) Lu, Y.Y. (2016, August 12). Pushing Politics: Why China is Supercharging Dissident Trials. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2016/08/12/subversion-sells-why-china-is-playing-up-dissident-trials/ Pils, E. (2013). ‘Disappearing’ China’s human rights lawyers. In McConville, M., Pils, E. (Eds). Comparative Perspectives on Criminal Justice in China. (pp. 411-438). Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing. Pile, E. (2015). China’s Human Rights Lawyers: Advocacy and Resistance. New York: Routledge. Pils, E. (2016, February 15). The Rise of Rule by Fear. Retrieved from https://cpianalysis.org/2016/02/15/rule-of-law-vs-rule-by-fear/ Stockman, D., Gallagher, M.E. (2011). Remote Control: How the Media Sustain Authoritarian Rule in China. Comparative Political Studies. Vol. 44, No. 44.
描述:	碩士國立政治大學亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS) 104926028
資料來源:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104926028
資料類型:	thesis
顯示於類別:	[亞太研究英語博/碩士學位學程(IDAS/IMAS)] 學位論文

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