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    Title: 貿易自由化對臺灣服務業薪資與就業的影響
    Empirical Evidence for Trade Liberalization on Wage and Employment in Taiwan Service Sectors
    Authors: 顏婉庭
    Yen, Wanting
    Contributors: 李宜
    翁永和

    Lee, Yi
    Weng, Yungho

    顏婉庭
    Yen, Wanting
    Keywords: 貿易自由化
    進出口
    對外直接投資
    薪資
    就業
    Trade liberalization
    Import
    Export
    Outward direct investment
    Wage
    Employment
    Date: 2017
    Issue Date: 2017-08-10 10:06:59 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 由於科技發展及各國法規的調整,使服務業的發展得以全球化,服務貿易的 成長動能相當大。從總體的角度來看,服務業亦對經濟成長扮演重要角色。由於 我國是一個小型開放經濟體,國內服務業市場與國際市場接軌程度日益加深,因 此有必要探討服務貿易對薪資及就業之影響。
    本研究為探討貿易自由化與對外投資如何影響國內服務業勞動市場,合併 2011 年至 2015 年人力運用調查之個體樣本、與行業別之進出口、對外直接投資 等統計資料,使用 Probit 模型估計進出口貿易與對外投資對我國就業的影響,使 用 Heckman two-stage selection 模型估計進出口貿易與對外投資對我國薪資的影 響,並進一步使用 Quantile 模型估計在不同薪資水準下,勞工受到貿易自由化衝 擊的程度是否不同。
    實證結果顯示:(1) 貿易對國內就業與薪資的影響依據貿易方向而有所不同, 出口有正向影響,進口有負向影響;(2) 對外投資對國內就業與薪資的影響,依 據被投資國之所得高低而有不同,對外投資至高所得國家有正向影響,對外投資 至低所得國家則有負向影響;(3) 職業別層級貿易指標能更正確衡量勞工受到的 貿易自由化衝擊;(4) 職業別層級貿易指標能更正確衡量勞工受到的貿易自由化 衝擊。
    Reference: 中文文獻
    江豐富(2006), 「外勞引進對本國勞工失業、 職業選擇及薪資之影響」, 《臺灣經濟預測與政策》, 37(1), 69–111。
    杜英儀, 陳章真, 季延平, 黃耀賢與李中文(2003), 《經濟部商業司國際經貿事務研究及培訓中心計畫-我國服務業在 GATS四種模式之現況分析報告及溝通研討會》, 臺北市: 財團法人中華經濟研究院。
    林金源與朱雲鵬(2002), 「台灣跨期薪資所得不均度之研究:因素分析法的應用」, 《經濟論文》, 30(3), 341-361。
    林美萱(1998), 《工資差異的跨時變動-台灣製造業之研究》, 國立中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文。
    林祖嘉與黃啓宏(2005), 「對外投資與勞動結構調整:台灣的實證分析」, 《人文及社會科學集刊》, 18(1) , 171-214。
    曹添旺、陳建良與陳隆華(2006), 「國際化對台灣製造業男性工資差異之影響」, 《人文及社會科學集刊》, 18(2), 343-383。
    黃登興(2015), 「臺灣薪資停滯現象解析—全球化貿易與投資夥伴」, 《社會科學論叢》, 9(1), 33-58。
    劉巳嘉(2013), 《全球化對薪資及就業的影響-以臺灣製造業為例》, 國立清華大學經濟學系碩士論文。
    劉碧珍(2005), 《對外投資、海外生產對國內研發、勞工僱用與薪資的影響》, 臺北市: 經濟部。
    賴偉文, 辛炳隆與陳晏羚(2015), 《勞動部「低薪資對我國勞動市場的影響與政府因應策略」委託研究》, 臺北市:財團法人中華經濟研究院。

    英文文獻
    Borjas, J. George and Ramsey, A. Valerie (1994), “Time-Series Evidence on the Sources of Trends in Wage Inequality,” The American Economic Review, 84(2), 10-16.
    Bound, John and Johnson, George (1992), “Changes in the Structure of Wages in the 1980`s: An Evaluation of Alternative Explanations,” The American Economic Review, 82(3), 371-392.
    Chan, Vei-lin, Chen, Lii-tarn and Hu, Sheng-Cheng (1999), “Implications of Technology and Education for Wage Dispersion: Evidence from Taiwan,” The Political Economy of Taiwan’s Development into the 21st Century: Essays in Memory of John C. H. FEI, London: Edward Elgar.
    Chen, Bee-Lon and Hsu, Mei (2001), “Time-Series Wage Differential in Taiwan: The Role of International Trade,” Review of Development Economics, 5(2), 336–354.
    Ebenstein, A., Harrison, A., McMillan, M. and Phillips, S. (2014), “Estimating the Impact of Trade and Offshoring on American Workers Using the Current Population Surveys,” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 96(4), 581–595.
    Francois, J. and Hoekman, B. (2010), “Services Trade and Policy,” Journal of Economic Literature,” 48(3), 642-692.
    Katz, Lawrence F. and Murphy, Kevin M. (1992), “Changes in Relative Wages, 1963-1987: Supply and Demand Factors,” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 107(1), 35-78.
    Krugman, Paul and Lawrence, Robert (1993), “Trade, Jobs, and Wages,” NBER Working Paper Series no.4478.
    Lawrence, Z. Robert and Slaughter, J. Matthew (1993), “International Trade and American Wages in the 1980s: Giant Sucking Sound or Small Hiccup?,” Brookings papers on economic activity, 2, 161-210.
    Leamer, Edward E. (1992), “Wage Effects of a U.S.-Mexican Free Trade Agreement,” NBER Working Paper Series no.3991.
    Mahler, A. Vincent, Jesuit, K. David and Roscoe, D. Douglas (1999), “Exploring the Impact of Trade and Investment on Income Inequality,” Comparative Political Studies, 32(3), 363-395.
    Mincer, J. (1974), “Schooling, Experience and Earnings,” New York: Columbia University Press for National Bureau of Economic Research.
    Murphy, K. M. and Welch, F. (1991), “The Role of International Trade in Wage Differentials,” Workers and Their Wages, Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute Press.
    Sachs, Jeffrey D. and Shatz, Howard J. (1996), “U.S. Trade with Developing Countries and Wage Inequality,” American Economic Review, 86(2), 234-239.
    Tsou, Meng-Wen (2002), “Wage Differentials in Taiwanese Manufacturing, 1982–1997,” Asian Economic Journal, 16(4), 317-335.
    Woods, Andrian (1995), “How Trade Hurt Unskilled Workers,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9(3), 57-80.
    Yeaple, S. Ross (2005), “A Simple Model of Firm Heterogeneity, International Trade, and Wages,” Journal of International Economics, 65, 1–20.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經濟學系
    104258008
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104258008
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[經濟學系] 學位論文

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