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    題名: 存貨緩衝下之總體失衡動態分析
    作者: 林進益
    貢獻者: 王春源
    林進益
    日期: 1985
    上傳時間: 2016-12-07 15:17:28 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本文嘗試將Blinder (1980) , Green & Laffont (1981) 之廠商的個體存貨行為引入 Honkapohja (1979 , 1980) 失衡模型內，以得出與Honkapohja不同之結果。本文發現存貨緩衝將使廠商訴諸於物價之調整較慢。在通貨緊縮區內，因廠商之銷售受到限制，故存貨增加將影響其安定性與修正後之就業乘數。而在通貨膨脹區內，因生產部門在商品市場不受限制，故存貨不再是一個重要的影響變數。
    由於Honkapohja模型乃遵從"供需法則"與貨幣餘額之調整，故物價會比工資更富伸縮性；由此獲致在凱因斯失業區將可能呈螺旋狀盤旋而趨於通貨緊縮均衡，而在壓抑性通貨膨脹區則未必能趨於通貨膨脹均衡。當工資與物價僵硬性持續若干期時，則凱因斯失業區之修正後就業乘數將大於短期乘數；但若工資與物價能充分調整，則二者修正後之就業乘數皆不確定。而在本文中，除沿用Honkapohja之設定外，尚考慮貨幣派預期與存貨存量，故反使物價調整比工資調整僵硬；由此獲致在通貨緊縮均衡內不易確定其安定性，而在通貨膨脹均衡下，則必為安定，且兩者皆可能呈螺旋狀盤旋。當工資與物價固定並持續若干期時，則凱因斯失業區之修正後就業乘數將大於其短期乘數；而壓抑性通貨膨脹區之修正後就業乘數等於其短期乘數。若工資與物價皆具伸縮性，則凱因斯之修正後就業乘數將大於短期乘數；而壓抑性通貨膨脹之修正後就業乘數可正可負。
    由上可知，存貨緩衝將會緩和Honkapohja模型內物價之調整速度，且會影響準均衡之安定性與修正後之供需乘數。因此，本文應有其比較對照之參考價值。
    摘要Ⅲ
    第一章 緒論1
    第一節 研究動機與方法1
    第二節 本文結構3
    第二章 模型之基本架構5
    第三章 固定價格均衡型態13
    第四章 經濟動態27
    第一節 工資與物價的調整27
    第二節 總體失衡之經濟動態30
    第五章 動態均衡後之就業乘數44
    第六章 結論與建議62
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    2. ________ (1982) "Price Flexibility and Keynesiar Unemployment in a Macroeconomic Model with Quantity Rationing ", Oxford Economic Papers 34, pp. 292-304.
    3. Benassy, J. P. (1975) "Neo-Keynesian Disequilibrium Theory in a Monetary Economy", Review of Economic Studies 42, pp. 503-523.
    4. ________ (1977) "A Neokeynesian Model of Price and Quantity Determination in Disequilibrium", in Equilibrium and Disequilibrium in Economic Theory (G. Schwödiauer, ed.) Reidel, Boston.
    5. ________ (1982) The Economics of Market Disequilibrium , Academic Press.
    6. Barro, R. J. and Grossman, H. I. (1974) "Suppressed Inflation and the Supply Multiplier", Review of Economic Studies 41, pp. 87-104.
    7. _________ (1976) Money, Employment and Inflation, Cambridge University Press.
    8. Blinder, A. S. (1980) "Inventories in the Keynesian Macro Model", Kyklos 33, pp. 585-614.
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    23. ________ and Ito, T. (1980) "Inventory Dynamics in a Simple Disequilibrium Macroeconomic Model", Scandinavian Journal of Economics 82, pp. 184-198.
    24. Honkapohja, S. and Ito, T. (1982) "Disequlibrium Dynamics with Monetarist Price Expectations", Economic Letters 9, pp. 69-75.
    25. _______ (1983) "Stability with Regime Switching", Journal of Economic Theory 29, pp. 22-48.
    26. Howitt, P. (1978) "The Limits to Stability of a Full-employment Equilibrium", Scandinavian Journal of Economics 80, pp. 265-282.
    27. Korliras, P. G. (1976) "Non-tâtonnement and Disequilibrium Adjustments in Macroeconomic Models", in Equilibrium and Disequilibrium in Economic Theory (G. Schwödiau, ed.) Reidel Boston.
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    29. Leijonhufvud , A. (1968) On Keynesian Economics and the Economics of Keynes, Oxford University Press, New York.
    30. Leijonhufvud, A. (1973) "Effective Demand Failures", Swedish Journal of Economics 75, pp. 27-48.
    31. Löfgren, K. G. (1979) "The Corridor and Local Stability of the Effective Excess Demand Hypothesis: A Result", Scandinavian Journal of Economics 81, pp. 30-47.
    32. Maccini, L. J. (1976) "An Aggregate Dynamic Model of Short-Run Price and Output Behavior" Quarterly Journal of Economics 70, pp. 177-196.
    33. Malinvand, E. (1977) The Theory of Unemployment Reconsidered , Blackwell, Oxford.
    34. Meinster, D. and Mitchell, D. (1978) "Stability Implications of Inter-Regional Movement in Macro Disequilibrium Models", Metroeconomica 30, 00.77-92.
    35. Muellbaner, J. and Portes, R. (1978) "Macroeconomic Models with Quantity Rationing", Economic Journal 88, pp. 788-821. or in Macroeconomic Theory and Policy (W. H. Branson, Ch 16, 2nd. ed.), Harper International Edition.
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    41. Peisa, P. (1977) "Wages and the Demand For Labor in Unemployment Equilibria", Scandinavian Journal of Economics 79, pp. 227-238.
    42. Rayman, N. (1981) "Stability in the Barro-Grossman Model", Scandinavian Journal of Economics 83, pp. 563-569.
    43. Simonovits, A. (1982) "Buffer Stocks and Naive Expectations in a Non-Walrasian Dynamic Macromodel: Stability, Cyclicity and Chaos", Scandinavian Journal of Economics 84, pp. 571-581.
    44. Siven, C. H. (1981) "The General Supply-Demand Multiplier", Scandinavian Journal of Economics 83, pp. 22-37.
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    關聯: 國立政治大學
    經濟研究所
    碩士
    73
    資料類型: thesis
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