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    Title: 已婚職業婦女的生活壓力與休閒型態.婚姻滿意.生理健康.心理健康及工作滿意五者的關係
    Authors: 戴智慧
    Contributors: 陳彰儀
    戴智慧
    Date: 1985
    Issue Date: 2016-12-07 15:16:58 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究主要是以壓力的理論為基礎來探討已婚職業婦女的生活壓力(即角色衝突、負荷過重及家庭對工作的干擾)與其休閒活動總數、婚姻滿意、生理健康、心理健康及工作滿意間的關係。同時探討特質焦慮及社會支援與生活壓力間的關係。並以家庭主婦為對照組來比較工作帶來的正、負面價值孰者影響為大。受試者為台北、基隆地區已婚且至少育有一子的職業婦女259名,家庭主婦135名,以問卷法實施之。資料分析採變異數分析、t考驗及共變數分析。
    本研究得到下列的結論:
    1.已婚職業婦女的特質焦慮及社會支援與角色衝突及家庭對工作的干擾有關係,特質焦慮高的職業婦女或社會支援小的職業婦女,其感到的角色衝突較大,感到家庭對工作的干擾亦較大。
    2.以壓力理論為基礎的假設大多得到支持,亦即因工作而來的生活壓力,確實對已婚職業婦女的生活層面產生負面影響。角色衝突大的職業婦女,其休閒活動總數較少,婚姻較不滿意、心理健康亦較差。負荷過重大的職業婦女,其生理、心理健康均較差,工作較不滿意。家庭對工作干擾大的職業婦女,其婚姻較不滿意、生理健康較差。
    3.已婚職業婦女及家庭主婦在休閒活動總數、婚姻滿意及生理、心理健康上無差異。換言之,雖然工作所帶來的負面價值(壓力)確實對職業婦女的生活層面產生負面影響,但這種負面的價值(壓力)會被工作所帶來的正面價值所抵銷,使得職業婦女及家庭主婦在休閒活動總數、婚姻滿意及生理、心理健康上無差異。
    4.已婚職業婦女不同的人口統計變項與不同的生活壓力(角色衝突、負荷過重及家庭對工作的干擾)、休閒活動總數、婚姻滿意、生理、心理健康狀況及工作滿意有關係。
    圖表目次 壹
    附錄目次 伍
    第一章 緒論1
    第一節 研究動機與研究目的1
    第二節 有關文獻探討6
    第三節 研究問題與研究假設21
    第二章 方法26
    第一節 研究對象26
    第二節 研究工具29
    第三節 資料分析33
    第三章 結果與討論36
    第一節 樣本基本資料分析36
    第二節 婚姻滿意量表、生理、心理健康狀況檢查表及生活壓力量表的分析46
    第三節 職業婦女及家庭主婦休閒活動的分析55
    第四節 研究模式的驗證61
    第五節 職業婦女與家庭主婦的比較87
    第六節 職業婦女的人口統計變項與壓力、休閒活動總數、婚姻滿意、生理、心理健康狀況及工作滿意等六者的關係91
    第四章 結論與建議107
    第一節 結論107
    第二節 建議110
    參考文獻116
    附錄
    圖表目次

    1.工作壓力的理論模式9
    2.已婚職業婦女的生活壓力模式21
    3.「負荷過重」及「家庭對工作的干擾」在心理健康上的交互作用圖及其平均數69
    4.「負荷過重」及「家庭對工作的干擾」在生理健康上的交互作用圖及其平均數73

    1.職業婦女的受試來源及人數27
    2.家庭主婦的受試來源及人數28
    3.職業婦女與家庭主婦年齡分配人數及百分比36
    4.職業婦女與家庭主婦結婚年數分配人數及百分比37
    5.職業婦女與家庭主婦子女數分配人數及百分比38
    6.職業婦女與家庭主婦最小子女年齡分配人數及百分比38
    7.職業婦女與家庭主婦教育程度分配人數及百分比39
    8.職業婦女與家庭主婦的丈夫收入分配人數及百分比40
    9.職業婦女職業別分配人數及百分比41
    10.職業婦女工作時數分配人數及百分比42
    11.職業婦女工作時間分配人數及百分比43
    12.職業婦女個人收入分配人數及百分比43
    13.職業婦女工作理由分配人數及百分比44
    14.婚姻滿意因素的題目、因素負荷量、平均數及標準差47
    15.心理健康因素的題目、因素負荷量、平均數及標準差48
    16.生理健康因素的題目、因素負荷量、平均數及標準差50
    17.「角色衝突」因素(工作者與妻子角色)的題目、因素負荷量、平均數及標準差51
    18.「角色衝突」因素(工作者與母親角色)的題目、因素負荷量、平均數及標準差52
    19.「家庭對工作干擾」因素的題目、因素負荷量、平均數及標準差53
    20.「負荷過重」因素的題目、因素負荷量、平均數及標準差54
    21.生活壓力因素的相關矩陣55
    22.職業婦女最常從事的前十項休閒活動人數及百分比58
    23.家庭主婦最常從事的前十項休閒活動人數及百分比59
    24.職業婦女與家庭主婦在最常從事的前九項休閒活動參與人數百分比的考驗60
    25.壓力對休閒活動總數的變異數分析摘要表62
    26.已婚職業婦女「角色衝突」高、低分組在休閒活動總數上的平均數、標準差及人數63
    27.已婚職業婦女的壓力對婚姻滿意的變異數分析摘要表67
    28.已婚職業婦女「角色衝突」及「家庭對工作的干擾」高、低分組在婚姻滿意上的平均數、標準差及人數65
    29.已婚職業婦女壓力對心理健康的變異數分析摘要表66
    30.已婚職業婦女「角色衝突」及「負荷過重」高、低分組在心理健康上的平均數、標準差及人數67
    31.已婚職業婦女「負荷過重」及「家庭對工作的干擾」在心理健康上的交互作用的分析表68
    32 已婚職業婦女壓力對生理健康的變異數分析摘要表70
    33.已婚職業婦女「負荷過重」及「家庭對工作的干擾」高、低分組在生理健康上的平均數、標準差及人數71
    34.已婚職業婦女「負荷過重」及「家庭對工作的干擾」在生理健康上的交互作用分析表72
    35.已婚職業婦女壓力對工作滿意的變異數分析摘要表74
    36.已婚職業婦女「負荷過重」高、低組在工作滿意上的平均數、標準差及人數75
    37.已婚職業婦女特質焦慮及社會支援對「角色衝突」的變異數分析摘要表76
    38.已婚職業婦女特質焦慮及社會支援高、低分組在「角色衝突」上的平均數、標準差及人數77
    39.已婚職業婦女特質焦慮及社會支援對「負荷過重」的變異數分析摘要表78
    40.已婚職業婦女特質焦慮及社會支援在「家庭對工作的干擾」上的變異數分析摘要表79
    41.已婚職業婦女特質焦慮及社會支援高、低分組在「家庭對工作的干擾」上的平均數、標準差及人數81
    42.職業婦女與家庭主婦比較的t值及其平均數、標準差及F值88
    43.已婚職業婦女不同人口統計變項在壓力三來源、休閒活動總數、婚姻滿意、生理、心理健康狀況及工作滿意上的F值92
    44.不同工作時間者在「角色衝突」上的平均數93
    45.不同職業別者在「家庭對工作干擾」上的平均數95
    46.不同工作時間者在休閒活動總數上的平均數95
    47.不同工作時數者在休閒活動總數上的平均數96
    48.不同丈夫收入者在休閒活動總數上的平均數97
    49.不同結婚年數者在婚姻滿意上的平均數98
    50.不同工作時數者在婚姻滿意上的平均數99
    51.不同工作理由者在婚姻滿意上的平均數100
    52.不同最小子女年齡者在心理健康上的平均數101
    53.不同工作時數者在心理健康上的平均數102
    54.不同工作時數者在生理健康上的平均數103
    55.不同工作理由者在工作滿意上的平均數104
    56.不同個人收入者在工作滿意上的平均數105
    Reference: 一、中文部分
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    2.伊慶春:已婚職業婦女的雙重角色:期望、衝突與調適,社會科學整合論文集,中央研究院三民主義研究所叢刊,民國71年8月,p. 405 ~ 430。
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    5.陳滿樺:已婚職業婦女角色衝突的因應策略及有關變項之研究,國立師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文,民國72年。
    6.孫敏華:職業婦女與家庭主婦的生活滿意度及其子女之人格適應、性別刻板化與成就動機之研究,國立師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文,民國71年。
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    Relation: 國立政治大學
    心理研究所
    碩士
    73
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Psychology] Theses

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