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    題名: 文官中立能力價值的實踐 以易淹水地區水患治理計畫為例
    The Practice of Neutral Competence in Civil Service A Case Study of Flood-Prone Area Management Plan
    作者: 湯琳翔
    貢獻者: 陳敦源
    湯琳翔
    關鍵詞: 中立能力
    中立性
    專業主義
    公正性
    易淹水地區水患治理計畫
    Neutral competence
    Neutrality
    Professionalism
    Impartiality
    Flood-prone area management plan
    日期: 2016
    上傳時間: 2016-09-02 00:23:44 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 古今中外的任何政體都需要仰賴一個以專業為核心的文官系統,才能使主權者的各類偏好,能夠確實地轉化成政策,並且以符合經濟與效率的方式執行,方能獲致治理的績效。專業官僚系統存在的意義,就是為了使有限的公共資源,能夠符合效率及效能或其他客觀標準在社會上進行權威性的配置。
    而在多元民主政體中,除了同樣需要專業之外,為了避免文官系統的專業能力被政黨或特定團體所控制,造成公共資源的配置被黨派私利過度地扭曲,因而產生了文官「中立能力」價值的呼籲。在中立能力這個帶有規範性色彩的價值引導下,常任文官的事務系統與政黨為主的政務系統間,從人事制度到政策過程,都經由某些制度設計,區隔出了一定的距離,避免了官僚系統被政黨完全掌握。
    然而,中立能力這個以確保官僚系統能夠維持專業為目的的價值,在我國卻被窄化為文官與行政機關不應涉入選舉與政黨活動的「行政中立」概念,而忽略了這些制度設計背後更重要的目的,討論的範圍也被限縮在行政中立法上,而沒能處理到政策過程以及官僚系統在組織管理與運作的部分。
    本研究有兩個主要的目的,首先,在理論與概念的層次上,經由檢閱歐美民主國家對於中立能力概念的理論與實證研究,嘗試為國內對中立能力此一尚屬陌生卻又影響深遠的概念重新聚焦深化。其次,在實證研究的資料累積上,透過「易淹水地區水患治理計畫」這個政策個案,深度訪談水利署與地方政府水利單位官員,輔以官方報告、報章雜誌等次級資料的比對,探索在真實複雜的政策個案中,文官與行政組織能否實踐以專業為核心的中立能力價值,又是什麼樣的因素或是制度設計能夠確保其維持中立。
    本研究最終發現,在理論與概念的層次上,中立能力價值又能夠區分為兩項內涵,分別是居於核心的專業主義以及作為指導與外界互動界面上的公正性。而在實證的政策個案研究上,易淹水地區水患治理計畫經由「以流域為整體單位的規劃報告」,嚴格要求工程的施作必須符合規劃中的整體性與急迫性,並且建立起從中央到地方對於工程施作的三級審核制度,使得治水工程的預算經費配置大致符合了專業的客觀標準,並且在近年的歷次颱風水患中發揮效用。在此個案中,專業規劃的報告與審查制度確保了中立能力的實踐與政策的果效。
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    公共行政學系
    98256021
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098256021
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[公共行政學系] 學位論文

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