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    题名: 16個開發中國家電信私有化的政治分析：以黨派、政府與國際因素為中心
    其它题名: Partisanship, Regime, Types and Systemic Factors: The Politics of Telecom Privatization in 16 Developing Countries:
    作者: 羅彥傑;葉長城;劉嘉薇
    Lo, Yen-Chieh;Yeh, Chang-Chen;Liu, Jia-Wei
    关键词: 政府類型;區域政策擴散;黨派
    Globalization;Government Type;Regional Policy Diffusion;Telecom Privatization;Partisanship
    日期: 2011-10
    上传时间: 2016-08-16 13:35:19 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 自1980年代以降，隨著新自由主義改革風潮從英日等已開發國家擴散至開發中國家，電信私有化儼然成為全球潮流。過去諸多研究認為，這股私有化風潮實為全球化整合力量導致的必然後果之一。然而，在歷經此一近30年的過程後，各國電信私有化程度卻呈現迥異的面貌與結果。為解釋開發中國家朝私有化匯聚過程中出現的分歧現象，本文聚焦於執政黨的黨派意識形態與政府類型等兩項國內因素，及區域內政策擴散效應和國際建制等兩項系統性因素，對各國電信私有化的影響。 作者透過量化統計迴歸分析，釐清了黨派意識形態為影響電信私有化最關鍵因素，並發現政府類型、WTO因素及區域因素，均以黨派為中介因素，方對電信私有化產生正向顯著影響。之後，採取適用小樣本的「清晰集合質化比較分析法」（Crisp-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis, csQCA），亦得出黨派意識形態加上WTO因素的條件組合，最能解釋開發中國家的電信私有化程度高低。 此結果除證實本研究所提三項假設（黨派假設、政府類型假設、WTO因素假設）外，更說明全球系統性的政策匯聚壓力，雖能解釋開發中國家普遍的電信私有化趨勢，但若欲進一步解釋相同趨勢下各國電信私有化程度的分歧，則勢須分析國內層次的政治因素。而透過量化與質化方法論上的結合與對話，本研究不僅建構了電信私有化的政治理論，也為未來的電信私有化研究提供一個嶄新的研究方向。
    With "neoliberalism" spreading from the developed countries such as U.K. and Japan to the developing countries since 1980s, telecommunications privatization has appeared to be a global trend as well. The conventional wisdom argues that this trend, in fact, was one of the inevitable consequences of globalization. Many developing countries, however, have showed various appearances and results of telecom privatization after nearly 30 years. In a bid to explain the divergence of telecom privatization in the developing Countries, the paper paid attention to the impact from two domestic factors (i.e., partisan ideology and government type) and two systemic factors (i.e., regional spillover effect and WTO factor) upon the telecom privatization in these countries. Through the quantitative regression analysis, the authors found that the partisanship is the key factor that sways telecom sales most, and all other three factors-government type, WTO factor and regional policy diffusion-had a positive and significant impact upon telecom privatization by means of it. Then, the crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis for small N was used, and the conclusion was that the partisanship plus the WTO factor may best explain the appearances and results of telecom privatization in the developing countries. On top of proving the three hypotheses-partisanship, government type, and WTO factor-that the paper presented, the findings suggest that while the global or systemic factors can partly explain the convergent trend in telecom privatization, only the resort to the domestic politics can illustrate the divergence of telecom privatization in the developing countries in detail. And by the combination and dialogue of quantitative and qualitative methodology, not only the paper constructs the political theory of telecom privatization, but also points out a new direction for the relevant studies in future.
    關聯: 社會科學論叢, 5(2), 83-134
    Journal of Social Sciences
    数据类型: article
    显示于类别:[社會科學論叢] 期刊論文

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